Self-ordered pointing in children with autism: failure to use verbal mediation in the service of working memory?
Self-ordered pointing in children with autism: failure to use verbal mediation in the service of working memory?
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2005.01.010
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发表时间：
2005-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Tager-Flusberg, H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Joseph, RM;Steele, SD;Tager-Flusberg, H
这项研究验证了这样一种假设，即自闭症儿童在使用语言编码和复述策略来服务于工作记忆方面受到损害。参与者是24名患有自闭症的高能力学龄儿童和一组在言语和非言语智商、接受性和表现性词汇以及视觉记忆方面匹配的对照组。工作记忆是使用非空间、自我排序的指点测试的语言和非语言变体来评估的，在该测试中，儿童必须在每次呈现时指出一组新的刺激，而不重复之前的选择。在语言条件下，刺激是具体的、可命名的物体的图片，而在非语言条件下，刺激不容易命名或进行语言编码。参与者还接受了一项语言广度任务，以评估非执行性口头排练技能。尽管两组人在言语排练技能上相当，但自闭症组在言语测试中的表现要差得多，但在非语言的、自我排序的指点测试中表现不佳。这些发现表明，自闭症儿童在使用言语调解策略来维持和监控工作记忆中与目标相关的信息方面存在缺陷。这些发现从自闭症在情景记忆和工作记忆中可能的损害的角度进行了讨论。(C)2005爱思唯尔有限公司。保留所有权利。
This study tested the hypothesis that children with autism are impaired in using verbal encoding and rehearsal strategies in the service of working memory. Participants were 24 high-ability, school-age children with autism and a comparison group matched on verbal and non-verbal IQ, receptive and expressive vocabulary, and visual memory. Working memory was assessed using verbal and non-verbal variants of a nonspatial, self-ordered pointing test in which children had to point to a new stimulus in a set upon each presentation without repeating a previous choice. In the verbal condition, the stimuli were pictures of concrete, nameable objects, whereas in the non-verbal condition, the stimuli were not easily named or verbally encoded. Participants were also administered a verbal span task to assess non-executive verbal rehearsal skills. Although the two groups were equivalent in verbal rehearsal skills, the autism group performed significantly less well in the verbal, but not the non-verbal, self-ordered pointing test. These findings suggested that children with autism are deficient in the use of verbal mediation strategies to maintain and monitor goal-related information in working memory. The findings are discussed in terms of possible autistic impairments in episodic memory as well as working memory. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.