Opportunities and challenges for engineering construction materials as carbon sinks
Opportunities and challenges for engineering construction materials as carbon sinks
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DOI：
10.21809/rilemtechlett.2021.146
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Sabbie A. Miller;Elisabeth Van Roijen;P. Cunningham;Alyson Kim
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Sabbie A. Miller;Elisabeth Van Roijen;P. Cunningham;Alyson Kim
预计未来几十年的人口增长和城市化将推动对基础设施、材料和能源的空前需求。不幸的是，资源消耗程度、生产的能源密集型性质以及化学反应驱动的排放等因素使基础设施材料生产行业成为人为二氧化碳排放的最大贡献者之一。然而，基础设施材料还有一个经常被忽视的潜在环境好处：大多数材料仍在使用数十年，其较长的使用寿命有助于延长碳的储存时间。从这个角度来看，我们概述了可以支持基础设施材料作为全球分布式碳汇的最新技术进步，并讨论了进一步研究和开发的领域。我们提出了量化机制，以量化具体化的碳在多大程度上将在足够长的时间内从碳循环中移除，以提供碳封存和气候效益。我们的结论是，有可能释放设计碳封存系统的巨大潜力，同时满足社会对扩大基础设施系统的需求；然而，这些系统设计的复杂性必须系统地和定量地纳入材料设计。
Population growth and urbanization over the coming decades are anticipated to drive unprecedented demand for infrastructure materials and energy resources. Unfortunately, factors such as the degree of resource consumption, the energy-intensive nature of production, and the chemical-reaction driven emissions make infrastructure materials production industries among the greatest contributors to anthropogenic CO2 emissions. Yet there is an often-overlooked potential environmental benefit to infrastructure materials: most remain in use for decades and their long service lives can facilitate extended storage of carbon. In this perspective, we present an overview of recent technological advancements that can support infrastructure materials acting as a global, distributed carbon sink and discuss areas for further research and development. We present mechanisms to quantify the extent to which the embodied carbon will be removed from the carbon cycle for a long enough period of time to provide carbon sequestration and climate benefit. We conclude that it is possible to unlock the vast potential to engineer a carbon sequestration system that simultaneously meets societal need for expanding infrastructure systems; however, complexities in how these systems are engineered must be systematically and quantitatively incorporated into materials design.