Contributions to Speech-Cue Weighting in Older Adults With Impaired Hearing.
Contributions to Speech-Cue Weighting in Older Adults With Impaired Hearing.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1044/2019_jslhr-19-00176
复制
发表时间：
2020-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
P. Souza;F. Gallun;Richard A. Wright
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
P. Souza;F. Gallun;Richard A. Wright
目的在之前的一篇论文中（Souza，Wright，Blackburn，Tatman，&加伦，2015），我们探讨了当有多种线索可用时，感音神经性听力损失患者使用不同线索进行语音识别的程度。具体来说，一些听众把最大的重量频谱线索（频谱形状和/或共振峰过渡），而其他依赖于时间包络。在目前的研究中，我们的目的是确定是否依赖于时间包络的听众这样做，因为他们无法区分共振峰信息的水平足以使用它识别和在何种程度上一个简短的歧视测试可以预测线索加权模式。方法研究对象为30例双侧感音神经性耳聋的老年人。第一个任务是根据时间包络上升时间和共振峰转换的组合感知来标记合成语音标记。从鉴别响应的线性判别分析中获得个体特征。第二个任务是区分时间包络上升时间或共振峰转换的差异。第三个任务是在非言语刺激中辨别spectrotemporal调制。结果所有的听众都能够区分时间包络上升时间的水平足以识别任务。有很大的变异能力，以区别共振峰转换，这种能力预测约三分之一的变异，在识别任务。在识别任务中的性能和听力损失的数量或辨别非语音频谱时间调制的能力之间没有关系。结论数据表明，在很大程度上依赖时间线索的听众缺乏区分细粒度光谱信息的能力。事实上，听力损失的数量与提示轮廓无关，这强调了需要以比纯音听力图更细致的方式来表征个人能力。
Purpose In a previous paper (Souza, Wright, Blackburn, Tatman, & Gallun, 2015), we explored the extent to which individuals with sensorineural hearing loss used different cues for speech identification when multiple cues were available. Specifically, some listeners placed the greatest weight on spectral cues (spectral shape and/or formant transition), whereas others relied on the temporal envelope. In the current study, we aimed to determine whether listeners who relied on temporal envelope did so because they were unable to discriminate the formant information at a level sufficient to use it for identification and the extent to which a brief discrimination test could predict cue weighting patterns. Method Participants were 30 older adults with bilateral sensorineural hearing loss. The first task was to label synthetic speech tokens based on the combined percept of temporal envelope rise time and formant transitions. An individual profile was derived from linear discriminant analysis of the identification responses. The second task was to discriminate differences in either temporal envelope rise time or formant transitions. The third task was to discriminate spectrotemporal modulation in a nonspeech stimulus. Results All listeners were able to discriminate temporal envelope rise time at levels sufficient for the identification task. There was wide variability in the ability to discriminate formant transitions, and that ability predicted approximately one third of the variance in the identification task. There was no relationship between performance in the identification task and either amount of hearing loss or ability to discriminate nonspeech spectrotemporal modulation. Conclusions The data suggest that listeners who rely to a greater extent on temporal cues lack the ability to discriminate fine-grained spectral information. The fact that the amount of hearing loss was not associated with the cue profile underscores the need to characterize individual abilities in a more nuanced way than can be captured by the pure-tone audiogram.