Effects of feeding camelina (seeds or meal) on milk fatty acid composition and butter spreadability
Effects of feeding camelina (seeds or meal) on milk fatty acid composition and butter spreadability
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DOI：
10.3168/jds.2007-0031
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发表时间：
2007-11-01
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Peyraud, J. L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hurtaud, C.;Peyraud, J. L.
黄油的营养和流变学特性取决于牛奶的脂肪酸组成。因此，饲喂富含不饱和脂肪酸的油料种子很可能会影响黄油的特性。本试验的目的是研究在何种程度上喂养富含亚麻酸的十字花科植物亚麻荠可以影响乳制品的脂肪酸组成和黄油的性质。对照日粮由60%玉米青贮饲料为基础的日粮组成，并完成了高能量和含氮浓缩物与2个实验日粮设计，以提供相同数量的多不饱和脂肪酸通过亚麻荠种子（630 g/d，CS饮食）或亚麻荠粉（2 kg/d，CM饮食）进行了比较。日粮是等能等氮的。试验采用双3 × 3拉丁方设计，在6头荷斯坦奶牛上进行4周试验。亚麻荠日粮倾向于降低干物质摄入量，但对产奶量没有显着影响。它们使乳蛋白略有下降，乳脂产量和含量大幅下降。CM饮食导致脂肪含量更强的下降。亚麻荠产生了更大比例的单不饱和脂肪酸，特别是C18：1反式异构体，包括反式-10和反式-11 C18：1，分别增加了11.0倍和2.6倍，与CM饮食。亚麻荠还导致共轭亚油酸，特别是瘤胃酸，顺式-9，反式-11 C18：2的增加。亚麻荠不影响参数的黄油，除了搅拌时间与牛奶从CM喂养的奶牛，这是更长的。亚麻荠饮食的黄油在所有温度下测试，特别是与CM饮食更软。总之，饲喂亚麻荠可以改善牛奶脂肪酸组成和黄油涂抹性。
The nutritional and rheological properties of butter depend on the fatty acid composition of milk. Therefore, feeding oilseeds rich in unsaturated fatty acids is likely to affect butter properties. The aim of this trial was to examine to what extent feeding the linolenic acid-rich cruciferous plant camelina can affect the fatty acid composition of dairy products and the properties of butter. A control diet composed of 60% corn silage-based ration and completed with high-energy and nitrogenous concentrates was compared with 2 experimental diets designed to provide the same amount of polyunsaturated fatty acids via either camelina seed (630 g/d, CS diet) or camelina meal (2 kg/ d, CM diet). The diets were isoenergetic and isonitrogenous. The trial followed a double 3 x 3 Latin-square design with 4-wk periods on 6 Holstein dairy cows. The camelina diets tended to decrease dry matter intake but did not have a significant effect on milk production. They generated a slight decrease in milk protein and a strong decrease in milk fat yield and content. The CM diet led to a stronger decrease in fat content. Camelina generated a greater proportion of monounsaturated fatty acids, notably C18:1 trans isomers, including trans-10 and trans-11 C18: 1, which increased by 11.0-and 2.6-fold, respectively, with the CM diet. Camelina also led to an increase in conjugated linoleic acids, particularly rumenic acid, cis-9, trans-11 C18:2. Camelina did not affect parameters of buttermaking except churning time with milk from CM fed cows, which was longer. The butters of camelina diets were softer at all temperatures tested, especially with the CM diet. In conclusion, feeding camelina can modify milk fatty acid profile and butter spreadability.