Streamflow responses to forest and climate change in the boreal Da Hinggan Mountains, Northeastern China
Streamflow responses to forest and climate change in the boreal Da Hinggan Mountains, Northeastern China
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DOI：
10.1002/eco.2615
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发表时间：
2023-12
期刊：
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Zhengxiang Yu;D. Hallema;Tijiu Cai
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Zhengxiang Yu;D. Hallema;Tijiu Cai
北方森林覆盖着各大洲的大片土地，是北方清洁水的主要来源。越来越多的研究是在北方森林覆盖的变化对产水量的影响进行;然而，仍然有很多未知的森林结构变化对河流流量的影响，在几十年的森林采伐周期的过程中。在这项研究中，我们分析了中国北方大兴安岭典型北方森林流域1990年至2016年的长期水文气象和森林动态数据。我们的目标是量化森林年龄和树种组成的变化如何影响平均年径流量和流量制度的背景下，不断变化的气候。为了区分森林和气候变化对年径流量的影响，我们采用了基于敏感性的方法和时间趋势分析相结合的方法。此外，我们使用四个指标：幅度，持续时间，频率和变异性的森林变化对流量制度的影响进行了评估。结果表明，年平均径流量增加了55.8毫米，森林变化贡献了+61.4毫米，而气候变化则为-5.6毫米（负面影响）。这种增长发生在大约20%的成熟针叶林过渡到中龄阔叶林时，伴随着后期总蓄积量增加10%。林分结构的变化对径流状况的影响不显著。我们的研究结果强调，森林结构的变化影响径流不同，这取决于林分年龄和物种比例。因此，森林结构动态管理不仅有利于固碳，而且有利于提高北方森林流域的供水能力。
Boreal forests cover vast stretches of land across all continents and represent a principal source area of clean water in the northern hemisphere. Increasingly, studies are conducted on the impact of changes in boreal forest cover on water yield; however, much remains unknown concerning the effects of forest structure changes on stream discharge over the course of multi‐decadal forest harvest cycles. In this study, we analysed long‐term hydrometeorological and forest dynamics data spanning from 1990 to 2016 from a typical boreal forest watershed in the Da Hinggan Mountains in northern China. Our objective was to quantify how changes in forest age and tree species composition affect mean annual streamflow and flow regimes in the context of a changing climate. To distinguish the effects of forest and climate changes on annual streamflow from one another, we employed a combination of a sensitivity‐based method and a temporal trend analysis. Further, we evaluated the impact of forest changes on flow regimes using four indicators: magnitude, duration, frequency, and variability. The results indicated that mean annual streamflow increased by 55.8 mm, with forest changes contributing +61.4 mm compared to −5.6 mm due to climate change (negative effect). This increase occurred when approximately 20% of mature coniferous forests transitioned to mid‐age broad‐leaved forests, accompanied by a 10% increase in total stock volume during the later period. Finally, the effect of changes in forest structure on flow regime were not significant. Our results underscore that variations in forest structure affect streamflow differently depending on stand age and species proportions. Therefore, dynamic forest structure management can benefit not only carbon sequestration but also water supply capacity in boreal forested watersheds.