A SIMPLE MODEL EXPLAINS THE DYNAMICS OF PREFERENTIAL HOST SWITCHING AMONG MAMMAL RNA VIRUSES
A SIMPLE MODEL EXPLAINS THE DYNAMICS OF PREFERENTIAL HOST SWITCHING AMONG MAMMAL RNA VIRUSES
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DOI：
10.1111/evo.12064
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发表时间：
2013-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Charleston, Michael A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Cuthill, Jennifer Hoyal;Charleston, Michael A.
越来越多的研究支持一种倾向，优先宿主转换，寄生虫和病原体，在相对较短的系统发育距离。这表明，如果一个潜在的主机是密切相关的原始主机比如果它是一个更遥远的亲戚，主机转换更有可能。然而，尽管其对人类，牲畜和野生动物的健康的重要性，详细的动态偏好主机切换，到目前为止，很少有人研究。我们提出了一个经验测试的两个理论模型的优先主机切换，使用观察到的系统发育分布的RNA病毒的三个哺乳动物的订单（灵长类动物，食肉动物，有蹄类动物）的宿主物种。分析的重点是多宿主RNA病毒物种，因为它们在多个宿主上的存在及其估计的起源年龄表明最近的宿主转换。近似贝叶斯计算被用来比较观察到的主机与理论模型下模拟的系统发育距离。结果支持减少sigmoidal模型的优先主机切换，具有强大的影响，从增加系统发育距离，对所有三个研究的主机heterogenies。这表明，宿主转换的动力学在不同哺乳动物目的RNA病毒中是基本相似的，并且可能是更广泛的共同进化系统。
A growing number of studies support a tendency toward preferential host switching, by parasites and pathogens, over relatively short phylogenetic distances. This suggests that a host switch is more probable if a potential host is closely related to the original host than if it is a more distant relative. However, despite its importance for the health of humans, livestock, and wildlife, the detailed dynamics of preferential host switching have, so far, been little studied. We present an empirical test of two theoretical models of preferential host switching, using observed phylogenetic distributions of host species for RNA viruses of three mammal orders (primates, carnivores, and ungulates). The analysis focuses on multihost RNA virus species, because their presence on multiple hosts and their estimated ages of origin indicate recent host switching. Approximate Bayesian computation was used to compare observed phylogenetic distances between hosts with those simulated under the theoretical models. The results support a decreasing sigmoidal model of preferential host switching, with a strong effect from increasing phylogenetic distance, on all three studied host phylogenies. This suggests that the dynamics of host switching are fundamentally similar for RNA viruses of different mammal orders and, potentially, a wider range of coevolutionary systems.