Function of site-2 proteases in bacteria and bacterial pathogens.
Function of site-2 proteases in bacteria and bacterial pathogens.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.bbamem.2013.04.019
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发表时间：
2013-12
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Glickman MS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Schneider JS;Glickman MS
位点2蛋白酶（S2Ps）是一类膜内金属蛋白酶，以该蛋白家族的创始成员人S2P命名，其切割控制胆固醇和脂肪酸生物合成的固醇调节元件结合蛋白。S2Ps广泛分布于细菌中，并参与控制膜完整性、孢子形成、脂质生物合成、信息素产生、毒力等多种功能的多种途径。由S2Ps介导的最常见的信号传导机制是跨膜抗σ因子的偶联降解以激活ECF σ因子调节子。然而，随着更多的原核S2Ps被表征，另外的信号传导机制继续出现，包括膜嵌入的转录因子的直接蛋白水解和非转录膜蛋白或膜蛋白残余物的蛋白水解。在这篇综述中，我们试图全面回顾S2Ps在细菌和细菌病原体中的功能，并试图将这些蛋白酶组织成概念组，以促进进一步的研究。
Site-2 Proteases (S2Ps) are a class of intramembrane metalloproteases named after the founding member of this protein family, human S2P, which cleaves Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Proteins which control cholesterol and fatty acid biosynthesis. S2Ps are widely distributed in bacteria and participate in diverse pathways that control such diverse functions as membrane integrity, sporulation, lipid biosynthesis, pheromone production, virulence, and others. The most common signaling mechanism mediated by S2Ps is the coupled degradation of transmembrane anti-Sigma factors to activate ECF Sigma factor regulons. However, additional signaling mechanisms continue to emerge as more prokaryotic S2Ps are characterized, including direct proteolysis of membrane embedded transcription factors and proteolysis of non-transcriptional membrane proteins or membrane protein remnants. In this review we seek to comprehensively review the functions of S2Ps in bacteria and bacterial pathogens and attempt to organize these proteases into conceptual groups that will spur further study.