Face-specific and domain-general visual processing deficits in children with developmental prosopagnosia.
Face-specific and domain-general visual processing deficits in children with developmental prosopagnosia.
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DOI：
10.1080/17470218.2015.1122642
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发表时间：
2017-03
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Duchaine B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dalrymple KA;Elison JT;Duchaine B
有证据表明，面部和物体识别取决于视觉系统内不同的神经回路。对患有发育性面容失认症 (DP) 的成年人的研究表明，尽管存在严重的面部识别缺陷，一些人仍保留了物体识别能力。患有 DP 的成年人的这种面部选择性表明面部和物体处理系统可以独立发育，但尚不清楚这些机制在发育的哪个阶段是可分离的。确定患有 DP 的人何时首次表现出面部和物体之间的分离是解决这个问题的一种方法。在当前的研究中，我们调查了 6 名 DP 儿童（5-12 岁）的面部和物体处理情况。每个孩子都接受了一项面部感知测试、两项不同的面部记忆测试和两项在形式和难度上与面部记忆测试相匹配的物体记忆测试的评估。将 DP 儿童在匹配的面部和物体任务上的得分与年龄匹配的对照组的受试者内数据进行比较。六名 DP 儿童中的四名（包括 5 岁的孩子）表现出面部特定缺陷的证据，而一名儿童似乎有更普遍的视觉处理缺陷。剩下的孩子的结果不一致。 DP 儿童存在面部特异性缺陷，这表明面部和物体感知取决于儿童时期的分离过程。
Evidence suggests that face and object recognition depend on distinct neural circuitry within the visual system. Work with adults with developmental prosopagnosia (DP) demonstrates that some individuals have preserved object recognition despite severe face recognition deficits. This face selectivity in adults with DP indicates that face- and object-processing systems can develop independently, but it is unclear at what point in development these mechanisms are separable. Determining when individuals with DP first show dissociations between faces and objects is one means to address this question. In the current study, we investigated face and object processing in six children with DP (5–12-years-old). Each child was assessed with one face perception test, two different face memory tests, and two object memory tests that were matched to the face memory tests in format and difficulty. Scores from the DP children on the matched face and object tasks were compared to within-subject data from age-matched controls. Four of the six DP children, including the 5-year-old, showed evidence of face-specific deficits, while one child appeared to have more general visual-processing deficits. The remaining child had inconsistent results. The presence of face-specific deficits in children with DP suggests that face and object perception depend on dissociable processes in childhood.
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