Focusing on appraisals: How and why anger and fear influence driving risk perception
Focusing on appraisals: How and why anger and fear influence driving risk perception
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关注评估：愤怒和恐惧如何以及为何影响驾驶风险感知
DOI：
10.1016/j.jsr.2013.01.009
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发表时间：
2013-06-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Zhang, Ruogu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lu, Jingyi;Xie, Xiaofei;Zhang, Ruogu
引言：本研究探讨愤怒和恐惧如何以及为何影响驾驶风险感知。
方法：基于评估倾向框架，研究人员假设愤怒和恐惧由于评估的差异会对驾驶风险感知产生相反的影响。
结果：研究1表明愤怒会降低风险感知，而恐惧会增加风险感知。在研究2、3和4中，研究人员采用重新评估范式来探究研究1中发现的相反效应的原因。与我们的假设一致，评估解释了这些效应：在沿着确定性（研究2）、控制（研究3）和责任（研究4）维度进行重新评估后，愤怒和恐惧对驾驶风险感知的不同影响减弱或消失。此外，恐惧或愤怒的体验在重新评估对驾驶风险感知的影响中起中介作用。
对行业的影响：研究结果强调了在道路安全管理中区分愤怒和恐惧的必要性。此外，当前研究还提供了可行的方法（例如，确定性、控制或责任重新评估）来干预驾驶风险感知，这对驾驶安全非常重要。（C）2013国家安全委员会和爱思唯尔有限公司。保留所有权利。
Introduction: The present research explores how and why anger and fear influence driving risk perception. Methods: Based on appraisal tendency framework, researchers hypothesized that anger and fear would influence driving risk perception in opposite directions due to their differences in appraisals. Results: Study 1 showed that anger reduced risk perception, whereas fear increased it. In Studies 2, 3, and 4, the researchers adopted the paradigm of reappraisal to investigate the causes of the opposite effects found in Study I. Consistent with our hypothesis, appraisals accounted for these effects: After reappraisals along the dimensions of certainty (Study 2), control (Study 3), and responsibility (Study 4), the different effects between anger and fear on driving risk perception diminished or disappeared. In addition, fearful or angry experience mediated the effects of reappraisals on driving risk perception. Impact on industry: The findings highlight the necessity to differentiate anger and fear in road safety management. Additionally, the current research also provides feasible methods (e.g., certainty, control, or responsibility reappraisal) to intervene in driving risk perception, which is important for driving safety. (C) 2013 National Safety Council and Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.