The Theory and Practice of Building Back Better
The Theory and Practice of Building Back Better
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重建得更好的理论与实践
DOI：
10.1080/01944363.2014.988597
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
R. Olshansky
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Karl E. Kim;R. Olshansky
抑郁症在恢复中起着至关重要的作用。受灾地区包括市政府、社区和商业区都希望规划者制定计划和政策，以促进快速有效的重建。遭受灾难打击的社区需要经过深思熟虑和参与，以决定如何重建或是否搬迁，他们需要规划师在多个层面上与他们合作，以帮助他们做到这一点。
然而，灾后恢复对规划人员提出了困难的挑战。虽然有越来越多的文献个别恢复的情况下，很少有比较研究存在，很少有指导手册告诉规划者如何做恢复。直到最近，复苏理论的文献才开始增长。恢复进程的一个共同特点是“速度与深思熟虑”之间的权衡，是恢复失去的东西与重建得更好、更强、更环保和更公平之间的权衡。许多作者描述了试图同时实现这些目标的矛盾挑战。Olshansky、霍普金斯和约翰逊（2012）将灾难恢复规划的挑战归因于灾后“时间压缩”现象。
Planners have a critical role in recovery. Places struck by disaster—including municipal governments, neighborhoods, and business districts—look to planners to develop plans and policies to facilitate rapid and effective reconstruction. Communities struck by disaster need processes for deliberation and engagement to decide how to rebuild or whether to relocate, and they need planners—working with them at multiple scales—to help them to do it.
Disaster recovery poses difficult challenges to planners, however. Although there is a growing literature of individual recovery cases, few comparative studies exist, and few guidebooks tell planners how to do recovery. Only recently has a literature of recovery theory begun to grow. One common characteristic of recovery processes is the trade-off between “speed and deliberation,” between restoration of what was lost and building back better, stronger, greener, and more equitably. Many authors have described the paradoxical challenges of trying to achieve many of these goals at the same time. Olshansky, Hopkins, and Johnson (2012) attribute challenges of planning for disaster recovery to the phenomenon of post-disaster “time compression.”