Social norms and the expression and suppression of prejudice: the struggle for internalization.
Social norms and the expression and suppression of prejudice: the struggle for internalization.
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DOI：
10.1037/0022-3514.82.3.359
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发表时间：
2002-03
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
C. Crandall;A. Eshleman;Laurie T. O’Brien
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
C. Crandall;A. Eshleman;Laurie T. O’Brien
作者研究了社会规范和偏见使用M。Sherif和C. W. Sherif（1953）的态度的群体规范理论。在7项研究（N = 1，504）中，测量和操纵社会规范以检查其对偏见的影响;包括规范禁止和规范规定的偏见形式。对105个社会群体的偏见的公开表达与社会对该表达的认可高度相关。参与者在表达偏见、评估歧视情景和对敌意笑话做出反应时，都严格遵守社会规范。作者重新概念化了抑制偏见的动机来源，即认同新的参照群体并使自己适应新的规范。抑制量表似乎衡量的模式，关注群体规范，而不是个人的承诺，以减少偏见;高抑制者是强大的规范追随者。与低抑制者相比，高抑制者更紧密地遵循规范性规则，更强烈地受到当地社会规范变化的影响。继续研究规范影响和对社会规范的自我适应，特别是从态度的群体规范理论的角度来看，有很大的价值。
The authors studied social norms and prejudice using M. Sherif and C. W. Sherif's (1953) group norm theory of attitudes. In 7 studies (N = 1,504), social norms were measured and manipulated to examine their effects on prejudice; both normatively proscribed and normatively prescribed forms of prejudice were included. The public expression of prejudice toward 105 social groups was very highly correlated with social approval of that expression. Participants closely adhere to social norms when expressing prejudice, evaluating scenarios of discrimination, and reacting to hostile jokes. The authors reconceptualized the source of motivation to suppress prejudice in terms of identifying with new reference groups and adapting oneself to fit new norms. Suppression scales seem to measure patterns of concern about group norms rather than personal commitments to reducing prejudice; high suppressors are strong norm followers. Compared with low suppressors, high suppressors follow normative rules more closely and are more strongly influenced by shifts in local social norms. There is much value in continuing the study of normative influence and self-adaptation to social norms, particularly in terms of the group norm theory of attitudes.