Placebo Effects in Traumatic Brain Injury.
Placebo Effects in Traumatic Brain Injury.
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创伤性脑损伤中的安慰剂效应。
DOI：
10.1089/neu.2017.5506
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Zafonte,Ross
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Polich,Ginger;Iaccarino,MaryAlexis;Kaptchuk,TedJ;Morales-Quezada,Leon;Zafonte,Ross
近年来，几项评估创伤性脑损伤（TBI）药物治疗的随机对照试验未能证明优于安慰剂的疗效，活性药物组和安慰剂组的改善速度相当。这些发现可以用相反的方式来看待，一方面表明测试结果失败，但另一方面，代表了TBI中强有力的安慰剂效应的证据。在这篇文章中，我们研究了几个主要的心理过程驱动安慰剂效应（言语暗示，认知重构，人际互动，条件反射，治疗联盟，焦虑减少）以及安慰剂神经生物学（自上而下的皮层调节，奖励系统激活，多巴胺能和多巴胺能神经传递）。然后，我们从文献中推断，以探索TBI中固有的某些东西是否使其对安慰剂特别敏感。因此，安慰剂可能确实代表了一种强大而有效的治疗各种TBI后的投诉。
In recent years, several randomized controlled trials evaluating pharmaceutical treatments for traumatic brain injury (TBI) have failed to demonstrate efficacy over placebo, with both active and placebo arms improving at comparable rates. These findings could be viewed in opposing ways, suggesting on the one hand failure of the tested outcome, but on the other, representing evidence of robust placebo effects in TBI. In this article, we examine several of the primary psychological processes driving placebo effects (verbal suggestion, cognitive re-framing, interpersonal interactions, conditioning, therapeutic alliance, anxiety reduction) as well as placebo neurobiology (top-down cortical regulation, reward system activation, dopaminergic and serotonergic neurotransmission). We then extrapolate from the literature to explore whether something inherent in TBI makes it particularly responsive to placebos. Viewed as such here, placebos may indeed represent a powerful and effective treatment for a variety of post-TBI complaints.