Racialized legal status as a social determinant of health
Racialized legal status as a social determinant of health
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DOI：
10.1016/j.socscimed.2017.03.010
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发表时间：
2018-02-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Clair, Matthew
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Asad, Asad L.;Clair, Matthew
本文提出了种族主义法律地位(RLS)的概念，将其作为社会分层的一个被忽视的维度，并对种族/民族健康差异产生影响。我们将RLS定义为基于表面上不分种族的法律分类的社会地位，该分类对种族/少数民族产生了不成比例的影响。为了说明RLS对美国健康和健康差距的影响，我们重点介绍了两个案例的现有研究：犯罪地位和移民地位。我们提供了一个概念性的框架，概述了RLS如何通过(1)对拥有法律地位的人的主要影响和(2)对群体内种族/民族成员的溢出影响来塑造差异，而无论这些人自己的法律地位如何。RLS的主要作用是将个体标记为物质和符号排斥。溢出效应源于那些与被标记个人有社会接近的人的替代经历，以及RLS围绕种族/民族群体成员构建的不可信的含义。最后，我们为未来的研究提出了多种途径，将RLS视为一种对健康具有根本性影响的社会不平等机制。(C)2017爱思唯尔有限公司。保留所有权利。
This article advances the concept of racialized legal status (RLS) as an overlooked dimension of social stratification with implications for racial/ethnic health disparities. We define RLS as a social position based on an ostensibly race-neutral legal classification that disproportionately impacts racial/ethnic minorities. To illustrate the implications of RLS for health and health disparities in the United States, we spotlight existing research on two cases: criminal status and immigration status. We offer a conceptual framework that outlines how RLS shapes disparities through (1) primary effects on those who hold a legal status and (2) spillover effects on racial/ethnic in-group members, regardless of these individuals' own legal status. Primary effects of RLS operate by marking an individual for material and symbolic exclusion. Spillover effects result from the vicarious experiences of those with social proximity to marked individuals, as well as the discredited meanings that RLS constructs around racial/ethnic group members. We conclude by suggesting multiple avenues for future research that considers RLS as a mechanism of social inequality with fundamental effects on health. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.