Exposure to electronic cigarette vapors affects pulmonary and systemic expression of circadian molecular clock genes.
Exposure to electronic cigarette vapors affects pulmonary and systemic expression of circadian molecular clock genes.
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DOI：
10.14814/phy2.13440
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发表时间：
2017-10
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Morissette MC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lechasseur A;Jubinville É;Routhier J;Bérubé JC;Hamel-Auger M;Talbot M;Lamothe J;Aubin S;Paré MÈ;Beaulieu MJ;Bossé Y;Duchaine C;Morissette MC
电子烟的使用在过去几年中呈爆炸式增长，特别是在年轻人和希望戒烟的吸烟者中。虽然关注主要是基于尼古丁和香料的存在，丙二醇和甘油吸入的肺部影响，但电子液体的主要溶剂尚未得到彻底研究。在这项临床前研究中，小鼠每天暴露于电子烟产生的丙二醇和/或甘油蒸气中2小时，长达8周。肺转录组分析显示，它影响了昼夜节律分子钟基因的表达水平，尽管没有引起炎症反应。定期处死表明，这些调控基因的节律性确实在肺中发生了改变，但在肝脏、肾脏、骨骼肌和大脑中也发生了改变。电子烟暴露也改变了节律基因的表达（即，hspa 1a和hspa 1b），这表明“时钟基因”的改变可以转化为系统性生物学改变。这项研究表明，电子烟中使用的主要溶剂丙二醇和甘油，而不是尼古丁或香料，对分子时钟的基因表达有意想不到的影响，特别是考虑到昼夜节律在健康和疾病中的基本作用。
E‐cigarette use has exploded in the past years, especially among young adults and smokers desiring to quit. While concerns are mostly based on the presence of nicotine and flavors, pulmonary effects of propylene glycol and glycerol inhalation, the main solvents of e‐liquid have not been thoroughly investigated. In this preclinical study, mice were exposed 2 h daily for up to 8 weeks to vapors of propylene glycol and/or glycerol generated by an e‐cigarette. Lung transcriptome analysis revealed it affected the expression level of genes of the circadian molecular clock, despite causing no inflammatory response. Periodical sacrifices showed that the rhythmicity of these regulatory genes was indeed altered in the lungs, but also in the liver, kidney, skeletal muscle, and brain. E‐cigarette exposure also altered the expression of rhythmic genes (i.e., hspa1a and hspa1b), suggesting that alterations to the ‘clock genes’ could translate into systemic biological alterations. This study reveals that the major solvents used in e‐cigarettes propylene glycol and glycerol, not nicotine or flavors, have unsuspected effects on gene expression of the molecular clock that are to be taken seriously, especially considering the fundamental role of the circadian rhythm in health and disease.