Pediatric Emergency Visits and Short-Term Changes in PM2.5 Concentrations in the U.S. State of Georgia.
Pediatric Emergency Visits and Short-Term Changes in PM2.5 Concentrations in the U.S. State of Georgia.
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DOI：
10.1289/ehp.1509856
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发表时间：
2016-05
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
Liu Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Strickland MJ;Hao H;Hu X;Chang HH;Darrow LA;Liu Y
在以前的研究中已经报道了儿科急诊（艾德）就诊与直径≤ 2.5 μm的颗粒物（PM2.5）的环境浓度之间的关系，尽管很少在非大城市地区进行。我们估计每日PM2.5浓度之间的关联，使用两阶段模型，其中包括土地利用参数和卫星气溶胶光学厚度测量在1公里的分辨率，和艾德访问六个儿科条件在美国格鲁吉亚的城市化分类。我们获得了2002年1月1日至2010年6月30日期间，2至18岁儿童因哮喘或喘息而进行的、具有非缺失PM2.5估计值和入院日期的、按居住区邮政编码进行地理编码的儿科艾德就诊（n = 189，816），0- 18岁儿童支气管炎（n = 76，243）、慢性鼻窦炎（n = 15，745）、中耳炎（n = 237，833）、肺炎（n = 52，946）和上呼吸道感染（n = 414，556）。每日邮政编码水平的24小时平均PM2.5的估计值是通过邮政编码边界内的平均浓度计算的。我们使用按邮政编码、年份和月份分层的时间分层病例交叉模型来估计邮政编码水平上艾德就诊与当天和前一天PM2.5浓度之间的比值比（OR），并研究了县级城市化的影响。同一天PM2.5浓度增加10 μg/m3与哮喘或喘息（OR = 1.013; 95% CI：1.003，1.023）和上呼吸道感染（OR = 1.015; 95% CI：1.008，1.022）的艾德就诊相关;与前一天PM2.5浓度的相关性较低。不同城市化水平之间的关联估计差异在统计学上并不显著。在格鲁吉亚，儿童艾德因哮喘或喘鸣以及上呼吸道感染就诊与PM2.5浓度相关。Strickland MJ，Hao H，Hu X，Chang HH，Darrow LA，Liu Y. 2016.美国格鲁吉亚州的儿科急诊和PM2.5浓度的短期变化。环境健康展望124：690-696; http：dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1509856
Associations between pediatric emergency department (ED) visits and ambient concentrations of particulate matter ≤ 2.5 μm in diameter (PM2.5) have been reported in previous studies, although few were performed in nonmetropolitan areas. We estimated associations between daily PM2.5 concentrations, using a two-stage model that included land use parameters and satellite aerosol optical depth measurements at 1-km resolution, and ED visits for six pediatric conditions in the U.S. state of Georgia by urbanicity classification. We obtained pediatric ED visits geocoded to residential ZIP codes for visits with nonmissing PM2.5 estimates and admission dates during 1 January 2002–30 June 2010 for 2- to 18-year-olds for asthma or wheeze (n = 189,816), and for 0- to 18-year-olds for bronchitis (n = 76,243), chronic sinusitis (n = 15,745), otitis media (n = 237,833), pneumonia (n = 52,946), and upper respiratory infections (n = 414,556). Daily ZIP code–level estimates of 24-hr average PM2.5 were calculated by averaging concentrations within ZIP code boundaries. We used time-stratified case-crossover models stratified on ZIP code, year, and month to estimate odds ratios (ORs) between ED visits and same-day and previous-day PM2.5 concentrations at the ZIP code level, and we investigated effect modification by county-level urbanicity. A 10-μg/m3 increase in same-day PM2.5 concentrations was associated with ED visits for asthma or wheeze (OR = 1.013; 95% CI: 1.003, 1.023) and upper respiratory infections (OR = 1.015; 95% CI: 1.008, 1.022); associations with previous-day PM2.5 concentrations were lower. Differences in the association estimates across levels of urbanicity were not statistically significant. Pediatric ED visits for asthma or wheeze and for upper respiratory infections were associated with PM2.5 concentrations in Georgia. Strickland MJ, Hao H, Hu X, Chang HH, Darrow LA, Liu Y. 2016. Pediatric emergency visits and short-term changes in PM2.5 concentrations in the U.S. state of Georgia. Environ Health Perspect 124:690–696; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1509856