Management of primary graft dysfunction after lung transplantation with extracorporeal life support: an evidence-based review.

Management of primary graft dysfunction after lung transplantation with extracorporeal life support: an evidence-based review.
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DOI:
10.21037/jtd-22-1387
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发表时间:
2023-07-31
影响因子:
2.5
通讯作者:
Kukreja J
Kukreja J
中科院分区:
医学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Luu HY;Santos J;Isaza E;Brzezinski M;Kukreja J

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原发性移植物功能障碍(PGD)是一种复杂的炎症综合征,可导致肺移植(LTx)后呼吸衰竭。 PGD​​ 的发病机制是多因素的,可能由供体和受体的属性、围手术期特征和移植物的技术处理驱动。尽管在患者和供体选择、围手术期管理和手术技术方面取得了显着进步,PGD 仍然是肺移植术后发病率和死亡率的一个主要因素。尽管 LTx 后尚无已知的持久 PGD 治疗方案,但大量肺移植中心的越来越多证据和经验表明,体外生命支持 (ECLS) 是预防 PGD 和支持 PGD 危重患者的可靠选择。静脉-静脉 (V-V) ECLS 和静脉-动脉 (V-A) ECLS 都是经过验证且可行的策略,可减轻 LTx 后 PGD 相关的发病率和死亡率。在这篇基于证据的综述中,我们概述了 PGD 的流行病学和生理学,以及越来越多的数据支持 ECLS 作为管理 PGD 的主要工具。我们描述了 ECMO 在 PGD 预防和管理中的作用、ECLS 支持下 LTx 的全球结果,并概述了我们管理这种复杂呼吸综合征直至建立 ECLS 的逐步方法。
Primary graft dysfunction (PGD) is a complex inflammatory syndrome that can lead to respiratory failure after lung transplantation (LTx). The pathogenesis of PGD is multifactorial and can be driven by attributes of both the donor and recipient, perioperative characteristics, and technical handling of the graft. Despite significant advancements in patient and donor selection, perioperative management and surgical technique, PGD is still a major contributor to morbidity and mortality after lung transplant. Although there are no known durable treatment options for PGD after LTx, an increasing body of evidence and experience in high-volume lung transplant centers show that extracorporeal life support (ECLS) is a reliable option for both preventing PGD and supporting critically ill patients with PGD. Both veno-venous (V-V) ECLS and veno-arterial (V-A) ECLS are proven and feasible strategies for mitigating the morbidity and mortality associated with post-LTx PGD. In this evidence-based review, we provide an overview of the epidemiology and physiology of PGD as well as a growing body of data that supports ECLS as a major tool to manage PGD. We describe the role of ECMO in PGD prevention and management, worldwide outcomes of LTx with ECLS support, and outline our step-wise approach to managing this complex respiratory syndrome leading up to institution of ECLS.
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