Exosomes Isolated From Adipose-Derived Stem Cells: A New Cell-Free Approach to Prevent the Muscle Degeneration Associated With Torn Rotator Cuffs
Exosomes Isolated From Adipose-Derived Stem Cells: A New Cell-Free Approach to Prevent the Muscle Degeneration Associated With Torn Rotator Cuffs
复制标题
从脂肪干细胞中分离出的外泌体：一种新的无细胞方法，可预防与肩袖撕裂相关的肌肉退化
DOI：
10.1177/0363546519876323
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发表时间：
2019-09-27
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
He, Yaohua
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wang, Chongyang;Song, Wei;He, Yaohua
背景：脂肪浸润、炎症和细胞凋亡是慢性肩袖撕裂患者常见的退行性改变，可导致肌肉萎缩，甚至导致大规模且不可修复的肩袖撕裂。一些数据已经证明干细胞来源的外泌体在某些骨科疾病中具有促再生、抗炎和抗凋亡特性，但从未研究过它们对撕裂的肩袖肌肉的影响。目的：研究从人脂肪源性干细胞 (ASC-Exos) 中分离的外泌体对大规模肩袖撕裂 (MRCT) 大鼠模型中肌肉变性、再生和生物力学特性的影响。研究设计：受控实验室研究。方法：对大鼠进行双侧冈上肌和冈下肌腱切断术，建立MRCT模型。 42 只大鼠被随机分为 3 组：假手术组、盐水组（用盐水注射治疗病变）和 ASCs-Exos 组（用 ASCs-Exos 注射治疗病变）。术后 8 周和 16 周评估湿肌重量、脂肪浸润、炎症、血管化、再生和生物力学特性。结果：结果显示，ASCs-Exos 治疗可以预防 MRCT 模型中肌肉的萎缩、脂肪浸润、炎症和血管化（P < .001）。此外，与盐水处理组相比，ASC-Exos 处理的肩袖的肌纤维再生和生物力学特性显着提高 (P < .001)。结论：本研究表明，ASCs-Exos 可以有效减少肩袖撕裂肌肉的萎缩和变性，改善肌肉再生和生物力学特性。临床相关性：ASC-Exos 可作为一种新的无细胞方法来预防与肩袖撕裂相关的肌肉退化，并可能有助于修复肩袖撕裂。然而，由于啮齿动物具有固有的再生潜力，需要在大型动物模型中进行进一步的工作。
Background: Fatty infiltration, inflammation, and apoptosis are common degenerative changes in patients with chronic rotator cuff tears that can lead to muscle atrophy and can even result in massive irreparable rotator cuff tears. Some data have demonstrated the proregenerative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties of stem cell–derived exosomes in some orthopaedic disorders, but their effect on torn rotator cuff muscles has never been investigated. Purpose: To study the effect of exosomes isolated from human adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs-Exos) on muscle degeneration, regeneration, and biomechanical properties in a rat model of a massive rotator cuff tear (MRCT). Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: A bilateral supraspinatus and infraspinatus tenotomy was performed on rats to create an MRCT model. Forty-two rats were randomly assigned to 3 groups: the sham surgery group, the saline group (lesions treated with a saline injection), and the ASCs-Exos group (lesions treated with an ASCs-Exos injection). Wet muscle weight, fatty infiltration, inflammation, vascularization, regeneration, and biomechanical properties were evaluated at 8 and 16 weeks after surgery. Results: The results revealed that the ASCs-Exos treatment could prevent the atrophy, fatty infiltration, inflammation, and vascularization of muscles in the MRCT model (P < .001). Additionally, the myofiber regeneration and biomechanical properties of ASCs-Exos-treated rotator cuffs were significantly elevated compared with those in the saline-treated group (P < .001). Conclusion: This study demonstrates that ASCs-Exos can effectively decrease atrophy and degeneration and improve muscle regeneration and biomechanical properties in torn rotator cuff muscles. Clinical Relevance: ASCs-Exos can be used as a new cell-free approach to prevent the muscle degeneration associated with torn rotator cuffs and may be helpful to repair torn rotator cuffs. Nevertheless, further work needs to be done in a large animal model owing to the inherent regenerative potential possessed by rodents.