Platelet-Derived Microvesicles: Multitalented Participants in Intercellular Communication
Platelet-Derived Microvesicles: Multitalented Participants in Intercellular Communication
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DOI：
10.1055/s-0031-1300956
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发表时间：
2012-02-01
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Siljander, Pia R. -M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Aatonen, Maria;Gronholm, Mikaela;Siljander, Pia R. -M.
血小板可以释放囊泡的异质池，其包括质膜衍生的微粒（PMP）和多泡体衍生的外泌体。由于这两种囊泡类型都是在活化后产生的，并且由于它们的分子性质和大小的重叠，它们的区别很复杂，因此最好将它们作为一个实体进行讨论，即血小板衍生的微囊泡（PMVs）。PMPs可以通过几种诱导途径形成，这些途径决定了它们不同的分子特征，并促进量身定制的参与细胞间通讯。这种动态的变化可能是背后的多方面的，有时非常不同的观察PMP在生理和病理设置。目前，对血小板来源的外泌体知之甚少。总之，PMV不仅参与几种稳态多细胞过程，如止血，维持血管健康和免疫，而且它们还在血栓性和炎症性疾病以及癌症进展中发挥作用。在过去的几年里，关于微泡的原创文章和评论的数量急剧增加，但数据同时提出了进一步的问题，这些问题的答案取决于即将到来的分析改进。在这篇文章中，差分激活途径和PMVs的分子和功能特性的背景下，他们有时在健康和疾病的矛盾作用进行审查。此外，PMV检测和分析的方法学问题进行了讨论，在该领域内的最新进展。
Platelets can release a heterogeneous pool of vesicles which include plasma membrane-derived microparticles (PMPs) and multivesicular body-derived exosomes. As both vesicle types are generated upon activation and their distinction is complicated due to an overlap in their molecular properties and sizes, they are best discussed as an entity, the platelet-derived microvesicles (PMVs). PMPs can be formed through several induction pathways, which determine their different molecular profiles and facilitate tailor-made participation in intercellular communication. This dynamic variability may lie behind the multifaceted and sometimes very different observations of the PMPs in physiological and pathological settings. Currently, little is known of platelet-derived exosomes. In all, PMVs not only participate in several homeostatic multicellular processes, such as hemostasis, maintenance of vascular health, and immunity, but they also play a role in thrombotic and inflammatory diseases and cancer progression. In the past few years, the number of original articles and reviews on microvesicles has dramatically increased, but the data simultaneously raise further questions, the answers to which depend on forthcoming analytical improvements. In this article, the differential activation pathways and the molecular and functional properties of PMVs are reviewed in context with their sometimes paradoxical role in health and in disease. Also, the methodological issues of PMV detection and analysis are discussed in the light of recent advances within the field.