Physical abuse around the time of pregnancy: an examination of prevalence and risk factors in 16 states.
Physical abuse around the time of pregnancy: an examination of prevalence and risk factors in 16 states.
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DOI：
10.1023/a:1022589501039
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发表时间：
2003-03-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Goodwin, Mary M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Saltzman, Linda E;Johnson, Christopher H;Goodwin, Mary M
目的：从自我报告中，我们描述和比较了怀孕前和怀孕期间身体虐待的水平和模式，同时还描述了身体虐待妇女的人口统计学和怀孕相关特征，分娩前受虐待妇女的压力经历，以及受虐待妇女与施暴者的关系。我们使用妊娠风险评估监测系统（1996-98）中基于人群的估计值，计算了16个州的多年患病率，95%置信区间（CI）和人口统计学、妊娠相关、结果：我们发现，在16个州的滥用患病率为7.2%（95%CI，6.9-7.6）在怀孕前12个月，5.3%（95%CI，5.0-5.6）在怀孕期间，8.7%（95%CI，8.3-9.1）在怀孕期间（滥用之前或期间）。在16个州，怀孕期间身体虐待的发生率始终低于怀孕前。对于怀孕前和怀孕期间的时间段，发现年轻，非白色，未婚，受教育不到12年，接受医疗补助或意外怀孕的女性以及怀孕期间有压力经历的女性的患病率较高，特别是参与战斗或与丈夫或伴侣争吵增加。对于这些风险群体中的每一个，怀孕期间的患病率都低于怀孕前。虐待是持续怀孕前四分之三的妇女经历虐待的丈夫或伴侣在pregnancy.CONCLUSIONS：妇女不一定是在更大的风险，身体虐待时，他们怀孕比怀孕前。孕前和怀孕期间都是风险期，这表明在怀孕前的常规保健访问以及计划生育和产前护理期间，预防活动是适当的。
OBJECTIVES: From self-reports we describe and compare the levels and patterns of physical abuse before and during pregnancy while also describing the demographic and pregnancy-related characteristics of physically abused women, the stressful experiences of abused women prior to delivery, and the relationship of the abused woman to the perpetrator(s).METHODS: We used population-based estimates from the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (1996-98) to calculate a multiyear 16-state prevalence with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and unadjusted risk ratios for demographic, pregnancy-related, and stressful experiences variables.RESULTS: We found the prevalence of abuse across the 16 states to be 7.2% (95% CI, 6.9-7.6) during the 12 months before pregnancy, 5.3% (95% CI, 5.0-5.6) during pregnancy, and 8.7% (95% CI, 8.3-9.1) around the time of pregnancy (abuse before or during pregnancy). The prevalence of physical abuse during pregnancy across the 16 states was consistently lower than that before pregnancy. For time periods both before and during pregnancy, higher prevalence was found for women who were young, not White, unmarried, had less than 12 years of education, received Medicaid benefits, or had unintended pregnancies, and for women with stressful experiences during pregnancy, particularly being involved in a fight or increased arguing with a husband or partner. For each of these risk groups, the prevalence was lower during pregnancy than before. Abuse was ongoing before pregnancy for three quarters of the women experiencing abuse by a husband or partner during pregnancy.CONCLUSIONS: Women are not necessarily at greater risk of physical abuse when they are pregnant than before pregnancy. Both the preconception period and the period during pregnancy are periods of risk, which suggests that prevention activities are appropriate during routine health care visits before pregnancy as well as during family planning and prenatal care.