Plantlet regeneration from somatic embryos of American chestnut
Plantlet regeneration from somatic embryos of American chestnut
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DOI：
10.1139/cjfr-27-11-1805
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发表时间：
1997-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Merkle, SA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Carraway, DT;Merkle, SA
以美国栗（Castanea dentata（Marsh.））的胚珠和未成熟合子胚为材料进行胚性培养Borkh.）。在所有处理、基因型和外植体类型中，胚发生反应为0.9%。胚发生培养物的最有效诱导是从胚珠、长度不超过4 mm的合子胚和小于6 mm的子叶中获得的（2）。只有培养物持续维持在2，4-D持续生产体细胞胚。苄基腺嘌呤（BA），在测试的浓度，减少诱导胚性培养物约3倍。在附加3 mg/L2，4-D和0.25mg/LBA的木本植物液体培养基中，胚性培养物生长最快。活性炭提高了体细胞胚的产量和生长。蔗糖促进了更多的体细胞胚比果糖的发展，但果糖促进了更高的发展率的单一（不融合）体细胞胚比蔗糖。4 ℃低温处理促进了体细胞胚的根发育，但上胚轴伸长和真叶的形成并不常见。试管苗移栽到盆栽基质中后存活60天以上，但不能继续生长。真菌蚊幼虫的损害和盆栽混合物中泥炭的高百分比被认为是导致试管苗体外存活失败的主要因素。胚胎成熟和转化的改进应迅速提高系统的效率。
Embryogenic cultures were induced from ovules and immature zygotic embryos of American chestnut (Castanea dentata (Marsh.) Borkh.). Across all treatments, genotypes: and explant types, embryogenic response was 0.9%. Most efficient induction of embryogenic cultures was achieved from ovules, zygotic embryos not greater than 4 mm in length, and cotyledons smaller than 6 mm(2). Only cultures continuously maintained on 2,4-D sustained production of somatic embryos. Benzyladenine (BA), at concentrations tested, reduced induction of embryogenic cultures approximately 3-fold. Most rapid growth of embryogenic cultures was achieved in liquid woody plant medium supplemented with 3 mg/L 2,4-D and 0.25 mg/L BA. Activated charcoal enhanced yield and growth of somatic embryos. Sucrose promoted development of greater numbers of somatic embryos than did fructose, but fructose promoted higher rates of development of single (not fused) somatic embryos than did sucrose. Chilling at 4 degrees C enhanced root development from somatic embryos, but epicotyl elongation and formation of true leaves was infrequent. Plantlets survived more than 60 days after being transplanted to potting mix, but failed to continue growth. Damage by fungus gnat larvae and a high percentage of peat in the potting mix are believed to be major factors contributing to failure of ex vitro survival of plantlets. Improvement of embryo maturation and conversion should quickly increase efficiency of the system.