Silicon suppresses tan spot development on wheat infected by Pyrenophora tritici-repentis
Silicon suppresses tan spot development on wheat infected by Pyrenophora tritici-repentis
复制标题
硅抑制受白小麦核腔菌感染的小麦褐斑病的发展
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
L. J. Dallagnol
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
P. C. Pazdiora;Keilor Rosa Dorneles;C. A. Forcelini;E. D. Del Ponte;L. J. Dallagnol
小麦褐斑病是巴西小麦的主要叶部病害。在控制环境下研究了硅对感病小麦（FundacepHorizonte）和中抗小麦（Quartzo）品种抗性组分的影响。硅在播种前30天以硅酸钙的形式供应到土壤中。在孕穗期，将真菌的分生孢子悬浮液喷洒到盆栽植物的旗叶上，将其在潮湿条件下孵育48小时。然后，评估接种的叶片的：潜伏期（IP）、感染效率（IE）、病变大小曲线下面积（AULSC）、病变大小（LS）、严重性（SEV）和严重性曲线下面积（AUSC）。在评价结束时定量叶片Si浓度。向植物供应硅使Fundacep Horizonte的叶片硅浓度增加了233%（从4.8 g kg−1干物质增加到16.0 g kg−1），Quartzo的叶片硅浓度增加了211%（从5.3 g kg−1干物质增加到16.5 g kg−1）。在Si +处理中，IP延长了24和17 h，IE降低了53.5%和65.5%，LS（接种后264 h）4.6 mm FundacepHorizonte和Quartzo的SEV分别提高了53%（从54.4%到18.8%）和88%（从47.7%到5.5%）。硅x品种的相互作用是不显着的AULSC和AUSC，这些变量分别减少了55.8%和80.8%，在植物中提供硅。总之，硅通过影响几个抗性组分来增强小麦植株对褐斑病发展的抗性，而与品种的抗性水平无关。然而，最大的减少硅供应时，观察到棕褐色斑点的发展，使用一个中等抗性品种。
Tan spot caused by Pyrenophora tritici-repentis is the main foliar diseases of wheat in Brazil. The effect of silicon (Si) on the components of resistance of a susceptible (Fundacep Horizonte) and a moderately resistant (Quartzo) wheat cultivar was studied in a controlled environment. Silicon was supplied as calcium silicate in the soil 30 days before sowing. At the booting stage, a conidial suspension of the fungus was sprayed onto the flag leaves of potted plants, which were incubated under moist conditions for 48 h. Afterwards, inoculated leaves were assessed for: incubation period (IP), infection efficiency (IE), area under lesion size curve (AULSC), lesion size (LS), severity (SEV) and area under severity curve (AUSC). Foliar Si concentrations were quantified at the end of the evaluations. Si supply to plants increased leaf Si concentration in 233% for Fundacep Horizonte (from 4.8 to 16.0 g kg−1 of dry matter) and 211% for Quartzo (from 5.3 to 16.5 g kg−1 of dry matter). In the Si + treatments, IP was longer by 24 and 17 h, IE declined by 53.5 and 65.5%, LS (at 264 h after inoculation) by 4.6 mm (from 9.5 to 4.9 mm) and 5.9 mm (from 8.2 to 2.3 mm), and SEV by 53% (from 54.4 to 18.8%) and 88% (from 47.7 to 5.5%) respectively, for the Fundacep Horizonte and Quartzo cultivars. The Si x cultivar interaction was not significant for AULSC and AUSC, and these variables were reduced by 55.8 and 80.8%, respectively, in plants supplied with Si. In conclusion, Si enhanced the resistance of wheat plants to tan spot development by affecting several resistance components, regardless of the resistance level of the cultivar. However, the greatest reduction in tan spot development by Si supply was observed when using a moderately resistant cultivar.