The dual process model of coping with bereavement: Rationale and description
The dual process model of coping with bereavement: Rationale and description
复制标题
DOI：
10.1080/074811899201046
复制
发表时间：
1999-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Schut, H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Stroebe, M;Schut, H
传统理论中关于处理丧亲之痛的有效方法存在缺陷，最明显的是所谓的“悲伤工作假说”。“批评包括不精确的定义，未能代表动态处理，这是悲伤的特点，缺乏经验证据和跨文化和历史时期的验证，以及对个人内部过程和健康结果的关注有限。因此，提出了一个修正的模型，处理丧亲之痛，双过程模型，该模型确定了两种类型的压力源，损失和补偿为导向，和一个动态的，调节性的应对过程的振荡，从而悲伤的个人有时面对，在其他时间避免，不同的任务的悲伤。该模型认为，适应性应对由对抗-回避损失和恢复压力源组成。它还认为，需要剂量的悲伤，也就是说，需要采取喘息从处理这些压力源，作为适应性应对的一个组成部分。实证研究，以支持这一概念化进行了讨论，该模型的相关性复杂的悲伤，分组现象的分析，以及人际应对过程的检查，描述。
There are shortcomings in traditional theorizing about effective ways of coping with bereavement, most notably, with respect to the so-called "grief work hypothesis." Criticisms include imprecise definition,failure to represent dynamic Processing that is characteristic of grieving, lack of empirical evidence and validation across cultures and historical periods, and a limited focus on intrapersonal processes and on health outcomes. Therefore, a revised model of coping with bereavement, the dual process model, is proposed this model identifies two types of stressors, loss- and restoration-oriented, and a dynamic, regulatory coping process of oscillation, whereby the grieving individual at times confronts, at other times avoids, the different tasks of grieving. This model proposes that adaptive coping is composed of confrontation - avoidance of loss and restoration stressors. It also argues the need for dosage of grieving, that is, the need to take respite from dealing with either of these stressors, as an integral part of adaptive coping. Empirical research to support this conceptualization is discussed, and the model's relevance to the examination of complicated grief, analysis of subgroup phenomena, as well as interpersonal coping processes, is described.