Food habits of fishes in a subtropical seagrass bed in Nagura Bay, Ishigaki Island, southern Japan
Food habits of fishes in a subtropical seagrass bed in Nagura Bay, Ishigaki Island, southern Japan
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DOI：
10.1017/s0025315422000601
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发表时间：
2022-08-30
影响因子：
1.2
通讯作者：
Yamada，Hideaki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Shimizu，Masashi;Nanjo，Kusuto;Yamada，Hideaki
最近海草床的丧失导致与海草有关的鱼类减少，突出表明需要改善对这些生境和资源的管理。分析与海草生境相关的鱼类的摄食模式有助于了解它们对生境的依赖性，从而有助于实现对海草生境的有效保护。为了阐明日本南部石垣岛长仓湾亚热带海草鱼的食性，对61种鱼类的肠道内容物进行了研究。基于饮食重叠的聚类分析表明，海草鱼组合包括6个营养组（小甲壳类动物，大甲壳类动物，碎屑，植物，鱼类和浮游动物饲养者）。小型和大型甲壳类动物饲养者是最丰富的，其次是碎屑，植物和鱼类饲养者。以浮游动物为食的动物只有两种。在个体发育过程中，有4种鱼的食物偏好发生了变化，包括黄焰笛鲷、石垣Ostorhinchus ishigakiensis、灰蓝子鱼和褐蓝子鱼。这四个物种的小型个体通常以小型甲壳类动物或碎屑为食，随后随着生长转向其他较大的猎物（例如螃蟹、虾和海草叶）。最重要的食物项目的组合包括harpacticoid桡足类，虾，蟹和碎屑，代表高累积肠道体积的所有鱼类。一些物种的饮食显着不同的其他海草床附近的邻岛，海草鱼的食物使用模式的证据，在一个小的空间尺度上变化的鱼类确定。这种饮食的灵活性可能会增加鱼类的适应性，以海草床的特点是显着的变化，在可用的食物资源。
Recent losses of seagrass beds have resulted in a decrease in seagrass-associated fishes, highlighting the need for the improved management of such habitats and resources. Analyses of feeding patterns of fish associated with seagrass habitats are useful for understanding their habitat dependence, which contributes to achieving their effective conservation. The gut contents of 61 fish species were examined to clarify the food habits of subtropical seagrass fishes in Nagura Bay, Ishigaki Island, southern Japan. A cluster analysis based on dietary overlaps showed that the seagrass fish assemblage comprised six trophic groups (small crustacean, large crustacean, detritus, plant, fish and zooplankton feeders). Small and large crustacean feeders were the most abundant, followed by detritus, plant and fish feeders. Zooplankton feeders were represented by only two species. Ontogenetic changes in food preference were recognized in four species, including Lutjanus fulviflamma, Ostorhinchus ishigakiensis, Gerres oyena and Siganus fuscescens. Small individuals of the four species generally fed on small crustaceans or detritus, subsequently switching to other larger prey items with growth (e.g. crabs, shrimps and seagrass fronds). The most important food items for the assemblage comprised harpacticoid copepods, shrimps, crabs and detritus, representing high cumulative gut volumes for all fishes. Some species showed diets remarkably different from those determined for fishes in other seagrass beds off a nearby neighbouring island, evidence of the food-use patterns of seagrass fishes varying on a small spatial scale. Such dietary flexibility may increase the adaptability of fishes to seagrass beds characterized by significant variations in available food resources.