Noun-phrase anaphora and focus: The informational load hypothesis
Noun-phrase anaphora and focus: The informational load hypothesis
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DOI：
10.1037/0033-295x.106.4.748
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发表时间：
1999-10-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Almor, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Almor, A
语篇中名词短语回指的加工反映了语义信息在工作记忆中的激活和加工受到制约。该理论认为，NP照应的处理是一个优化过程，其基本原则是，根据激活语义信息的定义，处理成本应该起到一定的语篇功能--识别先行语、添加新信息或两者兼而有之。在一系列5个自进度阅读实验中，通过改变语篇焦点来操纵回指的功能，通过改变回指与先行词之间的语义关系来操纵回指的代价。结果表明，NP照应的阅读时间反映了其功能合理性：当其成本具有更好的功能合理性时，其阅读速度更快。这些结果与任何将NP回指视为一个同质类别而不考虑语篇功能和处理成本的理论是不相容的。
The processing of noun-phrase (NP) anaphors in discourse is argued to reflect constraints on the activation and processing of semantic information in working memory. The proposed theory views NP anaphor processing as an optimization process that is based on the principle that processing cost, defined in terms of activating semantic information, should serve some discourse function-identifying the antecedent, adding new information, or both. In a series of 5 self-paced reading experiments, anaphors' functionality was manipulated by changing the discourse focus, and their cost was manipulated by changing the semantic relation between the anaphors and their antecedents. The results show that reading times of NP anaphors reflect their functional justification: Anaphors were read faster when their cost had a better functional justification. These results are incompatible with any theory that treats NP anaphors as one homogeneous class regardless of discourse function and processing cost.