Disorientation and Cognitive Overhead in Hypertext Systems
Disorientation and Cognitive Overhead in Hypertext Systems
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超文本系统中的迷失方向和认知开销
DOI：
10.1142/s021821309700013x
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发表时间：
1997
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
H. Schmidt
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Stephen Ransom;Xindong Wu;H. Schmidt
定向障碍和认知开销是两个相互关联的问题，实际上可能最终限制超文本的有用性。作者的认知开销来自于这样一种观点，即作者是唯一负责在作品中插入所有链接的人。这包括她自己作品中的锚点与外部框架中的锚点之间的所有联系，以及她自己作品中锚点之间的交叉联系。作者需要知道，对于她的作品中的每个锚，所有可能的其他锚使得插入这样的链接是一个O（N2）的问题，其中N是超文本宇宙中可能的锚的数量。为了将其减少为O（N）问题，本文提出使用双向智能锚。这些锚点既具有潜在读者在到达该锚时将寻求的概念的知识，又具有读者在超文本中从该锚跳到另一个锚时将寻求的概念的知识。在许多情况下，超文本作者和读者之间的关系可以通过重新定义来解决方向感障碍或超空间效应对读者的影响。为了解决这个问题，本文提出了一个单位的作者更多地基于论文，而不是传统的碎片化模型的超文本，我们称之为一个风景路线，这是基于松散的布什（1945年）的小径和Trigg（1988年和1991年）的导游图尔斯。
Disorientation and cognitive overhead are two interrelated problems that may in fact ultimately limit the usefulness of hypertext. Cognitive overhead upon the author arises from a viewpoint that sees the author as the person solely responsible for inserting all links within her work. This includes all links between the anchors in her own work and those in external frames, as well as cross-links between the anchors within her own work. The need for an author to be aware, for each anchor within her work, of all possible other anchors makes the insertion of such links an O(N2) problem where N is the number of possible anchors in the hypertext universe. To reduce this to an O(N) problem this paper proposes the use of bi-directional intelligent anchors. These are anchors that have both a knowledge of the concepts that a potential reader would be seeking were she to arrive at the anchor, together with a knowledge of the concepts that a reader would be seeking were she to jump from that anchor to another within the hypertext. Disorientation or the lost in hyperspace effect on the reader can be addressed in many cases by a fundamental re-definition of the relationship between hypertext authors and their readers. To address this issue, this paper proposes a unit of authorship based more on the treatise than on the traditional fragmented model of hypertext that we call a scenic route and which is based loosely on Bush (1945)'s Trails and Trigg (1988 and 1991)'s Guided Tours.