"Keep a low profile": pesticide residue, additives, and freon use in Australian tobacco manufacturing.
"Keep a low profile": pesticide residue, additives, and freon use in Australian tobacco manufacturing.
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“保持低调”：澳大利亚烟草制造中的农药残留、添加剂和氟利昂使用。
DOI：
10.1136/tc.12.suppl_3.iii45
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发表时间：
2003
期刊：
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Chapman,S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chapman,S
Objectives：To review the Australian tobacco industry's knowledge of pesticide residue on Australian tobacco and its policies and practices on resisting calls by tobacco control advocates that consumers should be informed about pesticide residue as well of additives.Methods：Review of previously internal industry documents relevant to pesticide and additives in Australian tobacco located from the Master Settlement Agreement websites.Results：在1972年和1994年之间，菲利普莫里斯澳大利亚公司意识到，它的烟叶样品经常被农药残留污染，有时包括有机氯含量由PM的欧洲实验室描述为“极高”。消费者没有被告知污染或产品撤回。从1981年起，该行业还抵制了要求全面公布其产品中使用的所有添加剂的使用范围和长期安全数据的呼吁。他们制定了标准的公众回应，这些回应是回避和误导性的，并在2000年实施了自愿添加剂披露，允许公司继续避免披露他们认为是商业秘密的任何成分。澳大利亚烟草制造业广泛使用消耗臭氧层的氟里昂。再次，该行业保持这一信息远离consumers.Conclusions：澳大利亚吸烟者无法作出明智的决定吸烟，因为农药和添加剂的披露仍然是自愿的。澳大利亚政府应该对烟草进行监管，要求全面披露，包括吸入杀虫剂和添加剂热解产品可能造成的健康后果的信息。
Objectives:To review the Australian tobacco industry’s knowledge of pesticide residue on Australian tobacco and its policies and practices on resisting calls by tobacco control advocates that consumers should be informed about pesticide residue as well as additives.Methods:Review of previously internal industry documents relevant to pesticides and additives in Australian tobacco located from the Master Settlement Agreement websites.Results:Between 1972 and 1994 Philip Morris Australia was aware that its leaf samples were often contaminated with pesticide residue, sometimes including organochlorine levels described by PM’s European laboratories as being “extremely high”. Consumers were not advised of the contamination nor products withdrawn. From 1981, the industry also resisted calls to declare fully the extent of use and long term safety data on all additives used in their products. They developed standard public responses that were evasive and misleading and, in 2000, implemented voluntary additive disclosure which allowed the companies to continue to avoid disclosure of any ingredient they deemed to be a trade secret. There was extensive use of ozone depleting freon in Australian tobacco manufacturing. Again, the industry kept this information away from consumers.Conclusions:Australian smokers are unable to make informed decisions about smoking because pesticide and additive disclosure remains voluntary. The Australian government should regulate tobacco to require full disclosure including information on the likely health consequences of inhaling pesticide and additive pyrolysis products.