The What, When, Whether model of intentional action
The What, When, Whether model of intentional action
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DOI：
10.1177/1073858408317417
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发表时间：
2008-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Haggard, Patrick
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brass, Marcel;Haggard, Patrick
哲学家、心理学家和神经学家对我们如何有意识地控制自己的行为这一问题有着持久的兴趣。脑成像技术，如功能磁共振成像，最近提供了对有意行为所涉及的功能和大脑机制的新见解。然而，这些文献是相当矛盾的，并没有揭示意向行为的功能神经解剖学的一致图景。在这里，作者认为，造成这种混淆的部分原因是，尽管实验研究可能侧重于故意行为的许多不同方面中的任何一个，但故意行为一直被视为神经科学中的一个单一概念。为了给意图行为的调查提供一个启发式框架，作者提出了一个区分三个主要部分的模型：与执行哪个动作的决策相关的部件(什么部件)，与何时执行动作的决策相关的部件(何时部件)，最后是关于是否执行动作的决策(是否部件)。基于这一区别，作者回顾了一些关于故意行为的重要发现，并为故意行为的什么、何时、是否(WWW)模式提供了神经科学证据。
The question of how we can intentionally control our behavior has an enduring fascination for philosophers, psychologists, and neurologists. Brain imaging techniques such as functional MRI have recently provided new insights into the functional and brain mechanisms involved in intentional action. However, the literature is rather contradictory and does not reveal a consistent picture of the functional neuroanatomy of intentional action. Here the authors argue that this confusion arises partly because intentional action has been treated as a unitary concept within neuroscience, even though experimental studies may focus on any of a number of different aspects of intentional action. To provide a heuristic framework for the investigation of intentional action, the authors propose a model that distinguishes three major components: a component related to the decision about which action to execute ( what component), a component that is related to the decision about when to execute an action ( when component), and finally the decision about whether to execute an action or not ( whether component). Based on this distinction, the authors review some key findings on intentional action and provide neuroscientific evidence for the What, When, Whether (WWW) model of intentional action.