Culture as Values or Culture in Action? Street Codes and Student Violent Offending.
Culture as Values or Culture in Action? Street Codes and Student Violent Offending.
复制标题
文化作为价值观还是文化在行动？
DOI：
10.1080/15564886.2017.1307294
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Ousey,GrahamC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Swartz,Kristin;Wilcox,Pamela;Ousey,GrahamC
作者利用两种相互竞争的文化视角——作为价值观的文化和行动中的文化——来研究街头规范与暴力伤害他人的倾向之间的关系。具体来说，他们探讨了个人层面和学校层面的街道法规是否与以下三种暴力类型相关：攻击、抢劫和性殴打。此外，他们还考虑这些影响是否根据 3 个背景特征而变化：(a) 犯罪地点——校内与校外，(b) 学校层面的经济劣势，以及 (c) 学校效能。三级序数逻辑回归模型使用来自 103 所学校 3,000 多名学生的四轮调查数据进行估计。结果证明，个人层面的街道法规与暴力犯罪的关系在很大程度上与背景无关。然而，有一些证据表明，学校层面的街道法规对犯罪行为的影响在校外和学校环境中是不同的，并且取决于学校的劣势和效能水平。总体而言，文化作为价值观和文化在行动的观点都得到了一些支持。
The authors draw on two competing cultural perspectives—culture as values and culture in action—to examine the relationship between street codes and the propensity to violently victimize others. Specifically, they explore whether individual-level and school-level street codes, net of one another, are related to 3 types of violence: assault, robbery, and sexual battery. In addition, they consider whether these effects vary according to 3 contextual characteristics: (a) the location of the offending—in school versus out of school, (b) school-level economic disadvantage, and (c) school efficacy. Three-level ordinal logistic regression models are estimated using four waves of survey data from over 3,000 students nested within 103 schools. Results provide evidence that individual-level street codes are related to violent offending in a manner that is, largely speaking, not tied to context. However, there is some evidence that the effects of school-level street codes on offending differ between outside of school and in school settings and are conditioned by levels of school disadvantage and efficacy. Overall, some support is offered for both the culture-as-values and culture-in-action perspectives.