Putting the capital ‘A’ in CoCoRAHS: an experimental programme to measure albedo using the Community Collaborative Rain, Hail & Snow (CoCoRaHS) Network
Putting the capital ‘A’ in CoCoRAHS: an experimental programme to measure albedo using the Community Collaborative Rain, Hail & Snow (CoCoRaHS) Network
复制标题
将大写字母“A”放入 CoCoRAHS：使用社区协作雨、冰雹和雪 (CoCoRaHS) 网络测量反照率的实验计划
DOI：
10.1002/hyp.9825
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
M. Stampone
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
E. Burakowski;C. Wake;J. Dibb;M. Stampone
社区协作雨，冰雹和雪（CoCoRaHS）网络是一个基于社区的天气观测网络，也是美国最大的每日降水观测提供商。在这项研究中，我们接受CoCoRaHS的使命，使用低成本的测量工具，提供培训和教育，并利用互动网站创建第一个志愿者雪灾网络，收集高质量的雪灾数据用于研究和教育应用。我们在新罕布什尔州培训了一个由18名CoCoRaHS观察员组成的小组，以收集2011年11月23日至2012年3月15日期间的降雪量、雪深和雪密度。在每个观察者不到700美元的情况下，使用Apogee MP-200日射强度计测量的CoCoRAHS数据与在当地太阳正午从Kipp和Zonen CMA 6收集的Escendo值相差±0.05。CoCoRAHS值范围从新鲜雪的0.99到浅的老雪的0.34。无雪时的覆盖度范围从0.09到0.39，取决于底层的地面覆盖。在2011/2012年的数据集中，雪的厚度随雪深的增加而增加，雪的密度随雪的密度线性减少。后一种关系被推断为是一个代理增加积雪年龄和压实的雪颗粒大小，支持光谱测量收集与分析光谱设备FieldSpec 4光谱仪。版权所有© 2013约翰威利父子有限公司.
The Community Collaborative Rain, Hail & Snow (CoCoRaHS) Network is a community‐based network of weather observers and the largest provider of daily precipitation observations in the USA. In this study, we embrace the CoCoRaHS mission to use low‐cost measurement tools, provide training and education, and utilize an interactive website to create the first volunteer snow albedo network to collect high‐quality albedo data for research and education applications. We trained a sub‐set of 18 CoCoRaHS observers in the state of New Hampshire to collect albedo, snow depth, and snow density between 23 November 2011 and 15 March 2012. At less than $700 per observer, CoCoRAHS data measured using an Apogee MP‐200 pyranometer fall within ±0.05 of albedo values collected from a Kipp and Zonen CMA6 at local solar noon. CoCoRAHS values range from 0.99 for fresh snow to 0.34 for shallow, aged snow. Snow‐free albedo ranges from 0.09 to 0.39, depending on the underlying ground cover. In the 2011/2012 dataset, albedo increases logarithmically with snow depth and decreases linearly with snow density. The latter relationship is inferred to be a proxy for increasing snow grain size as snowpack ages and compacts, supported by spectral albedo measurements collected with an Analytical Spectral Devices FieldSpec 4 spectrometer. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.