Group-size effects on virus prevalence depend on the presence of an invasive species
Group-size effects on virus prevalence depend on the presence of an invasive species
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群体规模对病毒流行的影响取决于入侵物种的存在
DOI：
10.1007/s00265-021-03040-1
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Brown, Charles R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Moore, Amy T.;O’Brien, Valerie A.;Brown, Charles R.
宿主群体大小对宿主暴露于寄生虫和病原体的影响程度已经被行为生态学家探索了近50年，我们知道宿主和寄生虫的类群、宿主和寄生虫的移动性以及群体内空间结构的程度都影响着群体大小关系。在这里，我们研究了节肢动物传播的病毒病原体的患病率如何变化与主机组的大小在宿主-寄生虫系统最近入侵的引进物种，也作为一个主机的病毒。在没有侵入性家雀（Passer acuticus）的情况下，燕子（Cimex vicarius）中甲病毒（Buggy Creek病毒（BCRV））的感染随着悬崖燕子（Petochelidon pyrrhonota;臭虫的主要宿主）的菌落大小而增加，但在麻雀存在的情况下随着燕子菌落大小而减少。麻雀适应血统的BCRV下降到接近灭绝的最大的悬崖燕子殖民地，无论麻雀的存在。结果可能反映了BCRV分化成一个谱系（B），该谱系主要在臭虫中扩增，因此在维持大量吸血臭虫的大型崖燕群体中传播更有效，而另一个谱系（A）适应于家雀，不需要大量臭虫和崖燕进行有效传播和持久性。结果表明，替代主机可以修改组大小的后果，为原始主机，并说明另一个复杂性，在分析成本和利益的殖民地每当入侵物种present.Significance statementPrediction的病毒病原体的传播可以是重要的，在评估威胁野生动物或人类，和主机的社会群体的大小被认为是一个潜在的重要决定因素的病原体暴露。当入侵物种进入宿主-寄生虫系统并作为替代宿主时，它们有时可以深刻地改变疾病动态，从而增加或减少原始宿主对病原体的暴露。对于节肢动物传播的病毒，是由吸血虫，寄生在殖民地繁殖的鸟类，我们发现，病毒感染的错误增加与主机（鸟）组的大小时，没有入侵鸟类，但主机组的大小时，入侵的存在。该研究表明，替代宿主的存在是试图预测病原体暴露如何受宿主群大小影响的另一个变量。
AbstractThe extent to which host group size affects the hosts’ exposure to parasites and pathogens has been explored by behavioral ecologists for almost 50 years, and we know that host and parasite taxa, mobility of host and parasite, and the extent of spatial structure within groups all affect the group-size relationship. Here we examine how the prevalence of an arthropod-borne viral pathogen changes with host group size in a host-parasite system recently invaded by an introduced species that also serves as a host for the virus. Infection by the alphavirus, Buggy Creek virus (BCRV), in swallow bugs (Cimex vicarius) increased with colony size of the cliff swallow (Petrochelidon pyrrhonota; the bugs’ principal host) in the absence of invasive house sparrows (Passer domesticus) but decreased with swallow colony size in the presence of sparrows. The sparrow-adapted lineage A of BCRV declined to near extinction in the largest cliff swallow colonies, regardless of sparrow presence. The results may reflect BCRV’s divergence into a lineage (B) that amplifies mostly in bugs and thus is transmitted more effectively in large cliff swallow colonies that maintain high numbers of the blood-feeding bugs, whereas the other lineage (A) is adapted to house sparrows and does not require large numbers of bugs and cliff swallows for effective transmission and persistence. The results show that an alternative host can modify the group-size consequences for the original host and illustrate another complexity in analyzing the costs and benefits of coloniality whenever invasive species are present.Significance statementPredicting the spread of viral pathogens can be important in assessing threats to wildlife or humans, and the size of a host’s social group is regarded as a potentially important determinant of pathogen exposure. Invasive species can sometimes profoundly alter disease dynamics when they enter a host-parasite system and serve as alternative hosts, thereby either increasing or decreasing the original host’s exposure to pathogens. For an arthropod-borne virus that is vectored by a blood-feeding bug that parasitizes a colonially breeding bird, we found that virus infection in bugs increased with host (bird) group size when an invasive bird species was absent but decreased with host group size when the invasive was present. The study indicates that the presence of alternative hosts is another variable to consider in trying to predict how pathogen exposure is affected by host group size.
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影响因子：
6.1
作者：
Brown, Charles R.;Brown, Mary Bomberger;Roche, Erin A.
通讯作者：
Roche, Erin A.
DOI：
--
发表时间：
1980
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
W. Rush;D. B. Francy;Gordon C. Smith;C. Cropp
通讯作者：
C. Cropp
对崖燕 (Petrochelidonpyrrhonota (Viellot)) 和燕蝽 (Oeciacus vicarius Horvath) [甲病毒载体] 的现场观察。
DOI：
--
发表时间：
1978
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
G. Smith;R. B. Eads
通讯作者：
R. B. Eads
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Bordes, Frederic;Blumstein, Daniel T.;Morand, Serge
通讯作者：
Morand, Serge
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Ezenwa, VO
通讯作者：
Ezenwa, VO