Spontaneous Formation of Star-Shaped Surface Patterns in a Driven Bose-Einstein Condensate
Spontaneous Formation of Star-Shaped Surface Patterns in a Driven Bose-Einstein Condensate
复制标题
驱动玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体中星形表面图案的自发形成
DOI：
10.1103/physrevlett.127.113001
复制
发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
8.6
通讯作者：
Choi, J.-y.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kwon, K.;Mukherjee, K.;Huh, S. J.;Kim, K.;Mistakidis, S. I.;Maity, D. K.;Kevrekidis, P. G.;Majumder, S.;Schmelcher, P.;Choi, J.-y.
我们在实验上观察到在驱动玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚中自发形成星形表面图案。通过调制Feshbach共振附近的散射长度，可以参数化地激发出从四极模（）到七边形模（）的具有折叠对称性的二维星形图案。一个有效的Mathieu方程和Floquet分析利用，有关的不稳定性条件的表面模式的分散在一个被困的超流。通过确定模式的共振频率，我们精确地测量了集体激发的色散关系。在调制过程中，表面激励的振荡幅度呈指数增长。我们发现，只有模式是不稳定的，由于它的紧急耦合的偶极子运动的云。我们的实验结果与平均场框架非常一致。我们的工作为产生更高的集体激发开辟了一条新的途径，其应用包括探测量子流体的奇异性质和提供量子湍流的产生机制。
We observe experimentally the spontaneous formation of star-shaped surface patterns in driven Bose-Einstein condensates. Two-dimensional star-shaped patterns with-fold symmetry, ranging from quadrupole () to heptagon modes (), are parametrically excited by modulating the scattering length near the Feshbach resonance. An effective Mathieu equation and Floquet analysis are utilized, relating the instability conditions to the dispersion of the surface modes in a trapped superfluid. Identifying the resonant frequencies of the patterns, we precisely measure the dispersion relation of the collective excitations. The oscillation amplitude of the surface excitations increases exponentially during the modulation. We find that only themode is unstable due to its emergent coupling with the dipole motion of the cloud. Our experimental results are in excellent agreement with the mean-field framework. Our work opens a new pathway for generating higher-lying collective excitations with applications, such as the probing of exotic properties of quantum fluids and providing a generation mechanism of quantum turbulence.