Music evokes vivid autobiographical memories
Music evokes vivid autobiographical memories
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DOI：
10.1080/09658211.2015.1061012
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发表时间：
2016-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Tranel, Daniel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Belfi, Amy M.;Karlan, Brett;Tranel, Daniel
音乐与记忆紧密交织。例如，听到一首过去的歌曲能将你带回过去，引发特定事件的景象、声音和情感。音乐与生动的自传体记忆之间的这种关联直观上很明显，但音乐与记忆紧密相连，似乎比其他有力的记忆线索（例如熟悉的面孔）联系更紧密这一观点尚未经过实证检验。在此，我们将音乐唤起的记忆与著名面孔唤起的记忆进行了比较，预测音乐唤起的自传体记忆（MEAMs）会更生动。参与者听了30首歌曲，看了30张面孔，并报告被唤起的记忆。按照莱文（Levine）等人2002年在《心理学与衰老》（Psychology and Aging）第17卷第677 - 689页所描述的方法，对记忆进行转录并编码其生动性。为支持我们的假设，音乐唤起的自传体记忆比面孔唤起的自传体记忆更生动。音乐唤起的自传体记忆包含更大比例的内部细节和更多的感知细节，而面孔唤起的记忆包含更多的外部细节。此外，我们还发现了记忆生动性的性别差异：对于这两种刺激类别，女性回忆起的记忆比男性更生动。结果表明，音乐不仅能有效唤起自传体记忆，而且这些记忆比著名面孔唤起的记忆更生动。
Music is strongly intertwined with memoriesfor example, hearing a song from the past can transport you back in time, triggering the sights, sounds, and feelings of a specific event. This association between music and vivid autobiographical memory is intuitively apparent, but the idea that music is intimately tied with memories, seemingly more so than other potent memory cues (e.g., familiar faces), has not been empirically tested. Here, we compared memories evoked by music to those evoked by famous faces, predicting that music-evoked autobiographical memories (MEAMs) would be more vivid. Participants listened to 30 songs, viewed 30 faces, and reported on memories that were evoked. Memories were transcribed and coded for vividness as in Levine, B., Svoboda, E., Hay, J. F., Winocur, G., & Moscovitch, M. [2002. Aging and autobiographical memory: Dissociating episodic from semantic retrieval. Psychology and Aging, 17, 677-689]. In support of our hypothesis, MEAMs were more vivid than autobiographical memories evoked by faces. MEAMs contained a greater proportion of internal details and a greater number of perceptual details, while face-evoked memories contained a greater number of external details. Additionally, we identified sex differences in memory vividness: for both stimulus categories, women retrieved more vivid memories than men. The results show that music not only effectively evokes autobiographical memories, but that these memories are more vivid than those evoked by famous faces.