HIV prevalence, risk behaviors, health care use, and mental health status of transgender persons: Implications for public health intervention
HIV prevalence, risk behaviors, health care use, and mental health status of transgender persons: Implications for public health intervention
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DOI：
10.2105/ajph.91.6.915
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发表时间：
2001-06-01
影响因子：
12.7
通讯作者：
Katz, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Clements-Nolle, K;Marx, R;Katz, M
目标。本研究描述了男性变性者和女性变性者的HIV感染率、危险行为、医疗保健利用和心理健康状况，并确定了与HIV相关的因素。我们通过定向抽样、受访者驱动抽样的方式招募变性人，对392名男性转女性和123名女性转男性变性人进行了HIV调查和检测。男性变性人中艾滋病毒流行率为35%。非裔美国人种族(调整后OR=5.81；95%可信区间[CI]=2.82，11.96)、注射吸毒史(OR=2.69；95%CI=1.56，4.62)、多性伴(调整后OR=2.64；95%CI=1.50、4.62)、低文化程度(调整后OR=2.08；95%CI=1.17、3.68)与HIV独立相关。大多数男性到女性(78%)和女性到男性(83%)的变性人在过去的6个月里去看过医疗提供者。62%的男性变性者和55%的女性变性者患有抑郁症，每个人群中有32%的人有过自杀未遂的经历。艾滋病毒的高流行率表明，迫切需要对男女变性人采取减少风险的干预措施。观察到最近与医疗提供者的接触，表明医疗提供者可以提供必要的预防、健康和社会性行为的重要联系。
Objectives. This study described HIV prevalence, risk behaviors, health care use, and mental health status of male-to-female and female-to-male transgender persons and determined factors associated with HIV.Methods. We recruited transgender persons through targeted sampling, respondent-driven sampling, and agency 392 male-to-female and 123 female-to-male transgender persons were interviewed and tested for HIV.Results. HIV prevalence among male-to-female transgender persons was 35%. African American race (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 5.81; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.82, 11.96), a history of injection drug use (OR = 2.69; 95% CI = 1.56, 4.62), multiple sex partners (adjusted OR = 2.64; 95% CI = 1.50,4.62), and low education (adjusted OR = 2.08; 95% CI = 1.17, 3.68) were independently associated with HIV Among female-to-male transgender persons, HIV prevalence (2%) and risk behaviors were much lower. Most male-to-female (78%) and female-to-male (83%) transgender persons had seen a medical provider in the past 6 months. Sixty-two percent of the male-to-female and 55% of the female-to-male transgender persons were depressed, 32% of each population had attempted suicide.Conclusions. High HIV prevalence suggests an urgent need for risk reduction interventions for male-to-female transgender persons. Recent contact with medical providers was observed, suggesting that medical providers could provide an important link to needed prevention, health, and social sex-vices.