The mammalian respiratory system and critical windows of exposure for children's health
The mammalian respiratory system and critical windows of exposure for children's health
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DOI：
10.2307/3454537
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发表时间：
2000-06-01
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
Joad, JP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pinkerton, KE;Joad, JP
呼吸系统是一个复杂的器官系统，由参与各种功能的多种细胞类型组成。呼吸系统的发育从胚胎发生到成年，经历几个不同的成熟和生长阶段。我们回顾胚胎，胎儿和出生后阶段的肺发育。我们还讨论了分支形态发生和细胞分化的呼吸系统，以及出生后发育的外源性代谢系统内的肺。呼吸系统在围产期暴露于各种化学品和环境毒物有可能显着影响该器官系统的成熟，生长和功能。虽然目前还不知道暴露于毒性因子的潜在靶点，但它们可能影响肺发育不同阶段期间表达的关键分子信号。在围产期生长的关键窗口期间暴露于环境烟草烟雾的影响被提供作为导致肺的细胞和生理功能改变的例子。要了解呼吸系统暴露对儿童健康的关键窗口期，就必须考虑到肺的发育是一个多步骤的过程，不能以成人研究为基础。
The respiratory system is a complex organ system composed of multiple cell types involved in a variety of functions. The development of the respiratory system occurs from embryogenesis to adult life, passing through several distinct stages of maturation and growth. We review embryonic, fetal, and postnatal phases of lung development. We also discuss branching morphogenesis and cellular differentiation of the respiratory system, as well as the postnatal development of xenobiotic metabolizing systems within the lungs. Exposure of the respiratory system to a wide range of chemicals and environmental toxicants during perinatal life has the potential to significantly affect the maturation, growth, and function of this organ system. Although the potential targets for exposure to toxic factors are currently not known, they are likely to affect critical molecular signals expressed during distinct stages of lung development. The effects of exposure to environmental tobacco smoke during critical windows of perinatal growth are provided as an example leading to altered cellular and physiological function of the lungs. An understanding of critical windows of exposure of the respiratory system on children's health requires consideration that lung development is a multistep process and cannot be based on studies in adults.