The membranous layer of superficial fascia: evidence for its widespread distribution in the body
The membranous layer of superficial fascia: evidence for its widespread distribution in the body
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DOI：
10.1007/s00276-006-0142-8
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发表时间：
2006-12-01
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
Harris, P. F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Abu-Hijleh, M. F.;Roshier, A. L.;Harris, P. F.
在人的皮下组织中，一层离散的膜层被经典地描述为局限于下前腹壁和会，分别被称为Scarpa‘s和Colles’sFasciae。关于它在身体其他部位存在的证据很少，因此进行了本研究。对6具经防腐处理的成人身体进行了解剖，并对4名活体受试者进行了超声成像，以确定浅筋膜层在身体不同区域的存在、形态和厚度。在6具身体上，所有解剖部位的浅筋膜内均有一层连续的纤维膜，超声检查也证实了这一点。这种膜层的排列和厚度随体区域、体表和性别的不同而变化。下肢比上肢厚，后侧比前侧厚，女性比男性厚。膜层厚度平均为39~189微米，小腿最厚，手背最薄。膜层在乳房、背部、大腿和手臂等部位有两个或三个成分，可见分裂，在上肢和下肢的皮下主干静脉周围形成特殊的间隔，纤维隔膜延伸至血管壁。在功能上，膜浅筋膜可通过确保其通畅性，在皮肤的完整性和对皮下结构特别是静脉的支持方面发挥作用。了解这一筋膜层的解剖结构有助于解释体表畸形，并为手术矫正提供解剖学基础。
A discrete membranous layer, "stratum membranosum", in human subcutaneous tissue is classically described as confined to the lower anterior abdominal wall and perineum and referred to as Scarpa's and Colles' fasciae, respectively. Evidence for its existence elsewhere in the body is scanty and therefore the present study was undertaken. Dissection of six embalmed adult cadavers, along with ultrasound imaging on four living subjects, were carried out to determine the existence, topography, and thickness of the membranous layer of superficial fascia in different regions of the body. In all six cadavers, a continuous layer of fibrous membrane in the superficial fascia was found consistently in all the dissected regions of the body and was also confirmed by ultrasonography. The arrangement and thickness of this membranous layer varied according to body region, body surface, and gender. It was thicker in the lower than in the upper extremity, on the posterior than anterior aspect of the body, and in females than in males. The mean thickness of the membranous layer ranged from 39 to 189 mu m, being thickest in the leg and thinnest over the dorsum of the hand. The membranous layer was observed to have two or even three components in regions such as the breast, back, thigh, and arm and was seen to split, forming special compartments around subcutaneous major veins of upper and lower extremities, with fibrous septa extending to attach to the vessel wall. Functionally, the membranous superficial fascia may play a role in the integrity of the skin and support for subcutaneous structures particularly veins, by ensuring their patency. Understanding the topographic anatomy of this fascial layer may help explain body-contour deformities and provide the anatomic basis for surgical correction.