Measuring and quantifying dynamic visual signals in jumping spiders
Measuring and quantifying dynamic visual signals in jumping spiders
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DOI：
10.1007/s00359-006-0116-7
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发表时间：
2006-08-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Hoy, Ronald R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Elias, Damian O.;Land, Bruce R.;Hoy, Ronald R.
动物发出的视觉信号涉及附肢的同时、连续的运动，这些运动在时间和空间上以不同的动态展开。最近报道的算法（例如 Peters 等人在 Anim Behav 64:131-146, 2002 中）能够将运动定量表征为光流模式。几十年来，声学信号一直通过将声音分解为幅度、时间和频谱分量的技术来呈现。使用光流算法，我们检查了跳蛛的视觉求爱行为，并将其复杂的视觉信号描述为“速度波形”、“速度表面”和“速度瀑布”图，分别类似于声学波形、频谱图和瀑布图。此外，这些“速度曲线”与为听觉分析而开发的分析技术兼容。使用跳蛛 Habronattus pugillis 的例子，我们表明我们可以在统计上区分不同“天空岛”种群的展示，支持之前的多样化工作。我们还检查了跳蛛 Habronattus dossenus 的视觉显示，结果表明振动显示的不同地震分量与统计上不同的运动信号同时产生。鉴于动态视觉信号很常见，从昆虫到鸟类再到哺乳动物，我们建议光流算法和此处描述的分析将对许多研究人员有用。
Animals emit visual signals that involve simultaneous, sequential movements of appendages that unfold with varying dynamics in time and space. Algorithms have been recently reported (e.g. Peters et al. in Anim Behav 64:131-146, 2002) that enable quantitative characterization of movements as optical flow patterns. For decades, acoustical signals have been rendered by techniques that decompose sound into amplitude, time, and spectral components. Using an optic-flow algorithm we examined visual courtship behaviours of jumping spiders and depict their complex visual signals as "speed waveform", "speed surface", and "speed waterfall" plots analogous to acoustic waveforms, spectrograms, and waterfall plots, respectively. In addition, these "speed profiles" are compatible with analytical techniques developed for auditory analysis. Using examples from the jumping spider Habronattus pugillis we show that we can statistically differentiate displays of different "sky island" populations supporting previous work on diversification. We also examined visual displays from the jumping spider Habronattus dossenus and show that distinct seismic components of vibratory displays are produced concurrently with statistically distinct motion signals. Given that dynamic visual signals are common, from insects to birds to mammals, we propose that optical-flow algorithms and the analyses described here will be useful for many researchers.