Links between circadian rhythms and psychiatric disease
Links between circadian rhythms and psychiatric disease
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DOI：
10.3389/fnbeh.2014.00162
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发表时间：
2014-05-06
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Karatsoreos, Ilia N.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Karatsoreos, Ilia N.
确定精神疾病的原因是现代神经科学的目标，并有望导致发现预防或减轻这些疾病造成的痛苦的治疗方法。实现这一目标的一个障碍是认识到神经精神疾病很少是由于单一基因多态性，环境暴露或发育损伤。相反，这是一个复杂的相互作用，这些不同的影响，可能会导致临床相关综合征的发展。我们的实验室正在探索环境暴露和神经行为功能之间的联系，通过研究昼夜（日常）时钟的破坏如何改变神经回路的结构和功能，假设破坏这个关键的稳态系统可以直接导致改变生物体对其他因素的脆弱性，这些因素相互作用产生精神疾病。这篇综述探讨了一些历史和最近的研究结果，这些研究结果将生物钟紊乱与神经精神疾病，特别是抑郁症，躁狂症和精神分裂症联系起来。我们采取比较的方法，探索在人群中观察到的影响，以及在实验室中使用的一些实验模型，以解开昼夜节律钟和行为异常之间的机制和因果关系。这是一个丰富的研究领域，我们预测将大大有助于我们了解基因，环境和发展如何相互作用，以调节个人对精神疾病的脆弱性。
Determining the cause of psychiatric disorders is a goal of modern neuroscience, and will hopefully lead to the discovery of treatments to either prevent or alleviate the suffering caused by these diseases. One roadblock to attaining this goal is the realization that neuropsychiatric diseases are rarely due to a single gene polymorphism, environmental exposure, or developmental insult. Rather, it is a complex interaction between these various influences that likely leads to the development of clinically relevant syndromes. Our lab is exploring the links between environmental exposures and neurobehavioral function by investigating how disruption of the circadian (daily) clock alters the structure and function of neural circuits, with the hypothesis that disrupting this crucial homeostatic system can directly contribute to altered vulnerability of the organism to other factors that interact to produce psychiatric illness. This review explores some historical and more recent findings that link disrupted circadian clocks to neuropsychiatric disorders, particularly depression, mania, and schizophrenia. We take a comparative approach by exploring the effects observed in human populations, as well as some experimental models used in the laboratory to unravel mechanistic and causal relationships between disruption of the circadian clock and behavioral abnormalities. This is a rich area of research that we predict will contribute greatly to our understanding of how genes, environment, and development interact to modulate an individual's vulnerability to psychiatric disorders.