Work characteristics predict psychiatric disorder: prospective results from the Whitehall II study
Work characteristics predict psychiatric disorder: prospective results from the Whitehall II study
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DOI：
10.1136/oem.56.5.302
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发表时间：
1999-05-01
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Marmot, MG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Stansfeld, SA;Fuhrer, R;Marmot, MG
目的：工作对未来精神障碍风险的影响已经在一些纵向研究中得到了检验。这在一项大型公务员流行病学研究中得到了前瞻性检验。方法：在Whitehall II研究中，对6895名男性和3413名女性伦敦公务员进行了纵向前瞻性队列研究，在基线（第1阶段：1985-8）和第一次随访（第2阶段：1989）测量的工作特征用于预测精神障碍，在第2阶段和第3阶段随访（第3阶段：1991-3）测量了30项一般健康问卷（GHQ）。在所有三个阶段都测量了工作特性和GHQ。结果：经年龄、工作等级和基线GHQ评分调整后的GHQ结果显示，低工作社会支持和低决策权、高工作要求和努力-回报失衡与精神障碍风险增加有关。结论——工作中的社会支持和控制对心理健康有保护作用，而高工作要求和付出回报失衡是未来精神障碍的危险因素。在工作设计、组织和管理层面的干预可能对工作人群的心理健康产生积极影响。
Objectives-The impact of work on the risk of future psychiatric disorder has been examined in few longitudinal studies. This was examined prospectively in a large epidemiological study of civil servants.Methods-In the Whitehall II study, a longitudinal, prospective cohort study of 6895 male and 3413 female London based civil servants, work characteristics measured at baseline (phase 1: 1985-8) and first follow up (phase 2: 1989) were used to predict psychiatric disorder measured by a 30 item general health questionnaire (GHQ) at phase 2 and phase 3 follow up (phase 3: 1991-3). Work characteristics and GHQ were measured at all three phases.Results-Low social support at work and low decision authority, high job demands and effort-reward imbalance were associated with increased risk of psychiatric disorder as assessed by the GHQ at follow up adjusting for age, employment grade, and baseline GHQ score.Conclusions-Social support and control at work protect mental health while high job demands and effort-reward imbalance are risk factors for future psychiatric disorder. Intervention at the level of work design, organisation, and management might have positive effects on mental health in working populations.