An outbreak of airborne nosocomial varicella.
An outbreak of airborne nosocomial varicella.
复制标题
空气传播的院内水痘暴发。
作者：
T. L. Gustafson;G. Lavely;Earl R. Brawner;R. Hutcheson;P. Wright;W. Schaffner
一次院内水痘爆发追溯到1980年11月11日至19日住院的免疫功能低下儿童的空气传播。在此期间，有70名潜在易感儿童在病房住院。虽然索引患者在整个住院期间保持严格的房间隔离，但其中8名患者感染了水痘。11月12日下午是感染水痘风险最高的时段。当天下午在场的36名患者中有8名（22%）感染，而当天下午不在场的34名患者中无一人感染。一个病人感染水痘的风险与他/她那天下午来到索引病人的房间的距离有多大密切相关。气流研究，使用示踪气体，六氟化硫（SF6），表明，在这个病房的病房是在正压相对于走廊。尽管采取了隔离措施，但在索引患者房间中释放的SF6在走廊中的浓度高达房间内浓度的10%。水痘的空气传播很少被报道，但它可能是医院中的常见传播方式。我们建议水痘住院患者应置于负压室严格隔离，以降低医院传播的风险。
An outbreak of nosocomial varicella was traced to airborne spread from an immunocompromised child hospitalized from Nov 11-19, 1980. Seventy potentially susceptible children were hospitalized on the ward during that period. Although the index patient remained in strict room isolation throughout his hospital stay, eight of these patients contracted varicella. The afternoon of November 12 was the period of highest risk for acquiring varicella. Eight of 36 patients (22%) present that afternoon, compared to none of 34 patients not present that afternoon, acquired the infection. A patient's risk of contracting varicella was significantly related to how near he/she came to the index patient's room that afternoon. Airflow studies, using the tracer gas, sulfur hexafluoride (SF6), demonstrated that patient rooms on this ward were at positive pressure with respect to the corridor. Despite isolation procedures, SF6 released in the index patient's room achieved concentrations in the corridor as high as 10% of those inside the room. Airborne spread of varicella has rarely been reported, but it may be a common mode of transmission in hospitals. We suggest that patients hospitalized with varicella be placed in strict isolation in negative-pressure rooms to reduce the risk of nosocomial transmission.