Atherosclerosis, dyslipidemia, and inflammation: the significant role of polyunsaturated Fatty acids.
Atherosclerosis, dyslipidemia, and inflammation: the significant role of polyunsaturated Fatty acids.
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DOI：
10.1155/2013/191823
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发表时间：
2013-05-12
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Di Daniele N
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Dessì M;Noce A;Bertucci P;Manca di Villahermosa S;Zenobi R;Castagnola V;Addessi E;Di Daniele N
磷脂在细胞膜结构和功能中起着重要作用。膜磷脂中脂肪酸双键的长度和数量是流动性、运输系统、膜结合酶活性和脂质过氧化敏感性的主要决定因素。血清脂质，特别是磷脂的脂肪酸谱反映了细胞膜的脂肪酸组成。此外，长链n-3多不饱和脂肪酸减少极低密度脂蛋白的组装和分泌，从而减少三酰甘油的产生。N-6和n-3多不饱和脂肪酸是称为“类二十烷酸”的信号分子的前体，其在炎症调节中起重要作用。衍生自n-6多不饱和脂肪酸的类二十烷酸具有促炎作用，而衍生自n-3多不饱和脂肪酸的类二十烷酸具有抗炎作用。以往的研究表明，炎症有助于动脉粥样硬化的发生和发展：实际上，动脉粥样硬化主要是血管壁的慢性低度炎症性疾病。一些研究表明长链n-3多不饱和脂肪酸和炎症之间的关系，表明脂肪酸可能会降低内皮细胞活化和影响类花生酸代谢。
Phospholipids play an essential role in cell membrane structure and function. The length and number of double bonds of fatty acids in membrane phospholipids are main determinants of fluidity, transport systems, activity of membrane-bound enzymes, and susceptibility to lipid peroxidation. The fatty acid profile of serum lipids, especially the phospholipids, reflects the fatty acid composition of cell membranes. Moreover, long-chain n-3 polyunsatured fatty acids decrease very-low-density lipoprotein assembly and secretion reducing triacylglycerol production. N-6 and n-3 polyunsatured fatty acids are the precursors of signalling molecules, termed “eicosanoids,” which play an important role in the regulation of inflammation. Eicosanoids derived from n-6 polyunsatured fatty acids have proinflammatory actions, while eicosanoids derived from n-3 polyunsatured fatty acids have anti-inflammatory ones. Previous studies showed that inflammation contributes to both the onset and progression of atherosclerosis: actually, atherosclerosis is predominantly a chronic low-grade inflammatory disease of the vessel wall. Several studies suggested the relationship between long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and inflammation, showing that fatty acids may decrease endothelial activation and affect eicosanoid metabolism.