Early weaning and biological sex shape long-term immune and metabolic responses in pigs.
Early weaning and biological sex shape long-term immune and metabolic responses in pigs.
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猪的早期断奶和生物性别长期免疫和代谢反应。
DOI：
10.1038/s41598-023-42553-9
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发表时间：
2023-09-23
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
在出生前和出生后的早期，宿主和环境因素可以对免疫发育产生重大影响，从而形成终身抗病能力。已知影响动物和人类免疫功能和死亡率的两个主要因素是早期生活压力和生物性别。这两个因素如何相互作用，以塑造长期的免疫发展和以后的生活疾病风险知之甚少。在这里，我们研究了早期断奶，一个常见的早期生活压力在猪，和生物性别的影响长期全身炎症反应和下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴（HPA轴）激活以后的生活。将随机分配至早期断奶（EW）和晚期断奶（LW）（分别为15或28日龄）的10周龄雌性（F）、完整雄性（IM）和去势雄性（CM）猪肌内注射生理盐水溶剂或脂多糖（LPS），以诱导全身炎症反应。在LPS攻击后0 h、2 h和4 h测量全血细胞计数（CBC）、促炎细胞因子、皮质醇、睾酮、雌二醇和直肠温度。在LPS后4 h，收集腹膜液（PF）和白色血细胞（WBC）用于分类分析。LPS刺激显著增加直肠温度和血浆皮质醇水平在所有治疗组。总之，CBC结果和腹腔中的免疫细胞计数表明，EW-F表现出更大的全身免疫应答，其特征在于增加的中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比率（NLR）和增强的中性粒细胞向腹腔的运输。早期断奶对IM和CM猪有相反的影响，表现出抑制LPS诱导的中性粒细胞迁移。早期断奶诱导显着更大的皮质醇反应，只有在IM猪表明提高HPA轴的EW-IM的反应。早期断奶和生物学性别如何影响猪免疫和应激反应。总之，这些结果表明，早期断奶和生物性别和去势塑造了猪的晚年免疫反应，并提供了对推动晚年炎症性疾病风险和死亡率性别差异的潜在机制的深入了解。
During the early pre and postnatal life, host and environmental factors can impart a major influence on immune development, thus shaping lifelong disease resistance. Two major factors known to influence immune function and mortality in animals and people are early life stress and biological sex. How these two factors interact to shape long-term immune development and later life disease risk is poorly understood. Here we investigated how early weaning, a common early life stressor in pigs, and biological sex impacts long-term systemic inflammatory responses and hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis (HPA axis) activation later in life. Ten-week-old female (F), intact-male (IM) and castrated-male (CM) pigs that were randomly assigned to early weaning (EW) and later weaning (LW) (at 15 or 28 days of age, respectively) were intramuscularly injected with either saline vehicle or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to induce a systemic inflammatory response. Complete blood counts (CBC), proinflammatory cytokines, cortisol, testosterone, estradiol, and rectal temp were measured at 0 h, 2 h, and 4 h post-LPS challenge. At 4 h post-LPS, peritoneal fluid (PF) and white blood cells (WBC) were collected for differential analysis. LPS challenge significantly increased rectal temp and plasma cortisol level in all treatment groups. Together, the CBC results and immune cell counts in peritoneal cavity indicated that EW-F exhibited greater systemic immune response characterized by increased neutrophils to lymphocytes ratio (NLR) and enhanced neutrophil trafficking to the peritoneal cavity. Early weaning had an opposite effect on IM and CM pigs, which exhibited a suppressed LPS-induced neutrophil migration. Early weaning induced significantly greater cortisol responses only in IM pigs indicating a heightened HPA axis responses in EW-IM. how early weaning and biological sex affect immune and stress responses in pigs. Together, these results demonstrate that early weaning and biological sex and castration shape later life immune responses in pigs and provides insight into potential mechanisms driving sex differences in later life inflammatory disease risk and mortality.
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DOI：
10.3181/00379727-174-41719
发表时间：
1983-01-01
影响因子：
--
作者：
FORD, JJ
通讯作者：
FORD, JJ
DOI：
10.1152/ajpgi.00207.2021
发表时间：
2022-03-01
影响因子：
4.5
作者：
Li, Yihang;Thelen, Kyan M.;Moeser, Adam J.
通讯作者：
Moeser, Adam J.
DOI：
10.1152/ajpgi.00081.2009
发表时间：
2010-03-01
影响因子：
4.5
作者：
Smith, Feli;Clark, Jessica E.;Moeser, Adam J.
通讯作者：
Moeser, Adam J.
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
McLamb BL;Gibson AJ;Overman EL;Stahl C;Moeser AJ
通讯作者：
Moeser AJ
糖原代谢调节巨噬细胞介导的急性炎症反应
影响因子：
16.6
作者：
Ma, Jingwei;Wei, Keke;Huang, Bo
通讯作者：
Huang, Bo