Obesity and cardiovascular disease in developing countries: a growing problem and an economic threat
Obesity and cardiovascular disease in developing countries: a growing problem and an economic threat
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DOI：
10.1097/01.mco.0000214568.52192.91
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发表时间：
2006-03-01
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Greenberg, HM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Raymond, SU;Leeder, S;Greenberg, HM
本综述探讨了发展中国家心血管疾病，特别是肥胖风险因素的增加及其对健康和经济的影响。最近的调查结果在大多数发展中国家，生育率和婴儿及儿童死亡率显著下降，预期寿命增加。快速城市化、粮食价格下降和经济全球化导致慢性病风险因素增加。最近的研究表明，包括肥胖在内的这些风险因素的流行速度比西方的历史经验要快。这种转变对妇女的影响尤其大，在发展中经济体中收入较低的人群中，风险因素的增加比在富裕人群中更为明显。慢性病不再是富人的典型问题，而是穷人的问题。在这一全球卫生领域的重要研究仅在过去十年中进行。需要在过渡的每一个方面进行更多的实地研究，以便记录问题本身，并确定其经济和社会影响以及具有成本效益的反应。有两个关键因素在现有工作中实际上是缺失的，应该加以强调。首先，劳动力中心血管疾病风险因素和死亡率上升的影响可能意味着对持续经济发展的威胁越来越大。其次，由于减少风险因素需要全社会战略，因此需要广泛的公私联盟来动员医疗保健以外的部门。
Purpose of review This review examines the rise of risk factors for cardiovascular disease, especially obesity, in developing countries and the implications for both health and economics.Recent findings In the majority of developing countries fertility and infant and child mortality have fallen markedly, and life expectancies have increased. Rapid urbanization, falling food prices, and globalization of economies have contributed to an increase in risk factors for chronic disease. Recent work indicates that the prevalence of these risk factors, including obesity, is rising faster than the historical experience of the West. The transition is affecting women in particular, and increases in risk factors are more marked among lower incomes in growing economies than among the wealthy. Rather than the stereotypical problem of the rich, chronic disease is now a problem for the poor.Summary Significant research in this area of global health has only been undertaken in the last decade. Additional field research is needed in every dimension of the transition, both to document the problem itself and to determine its economic and societal impact and cost effective responses. Two critical factors are virtually absent from existing work and should be emphasized. First, the impact of rising risk factors for, and mortality from, cardiovascular disease in the work force may imply a growing threat to continued economic progress. Second, because risk factor reduction requires society-wide strategies, broad public-private coalitions will be needed to mobilize sectors beyond healthcare.