Molecular imaging biomarkers for cell-based immunotherapies.
Molecular imaging biomarkers for cell-based immunotherapies.
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DOI：
10.1186/s12967-017-1240-6
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发表时间：
2017-06-19
影响因子：
7.4
通讯作者：
Reddy R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Haris M;Bagga P;Hariharan H;McGettigan-Croce B;Johnson LA;Reddy R
虽然几十年来的科学研究一直致力于利用免疫系统的力量来抗击癌症，但直到最近，癌症免疫治疗方法才开始在各种癌症患者中显示出强劲的临床反应。这些治疗方法正在增加目前的癌症治疗方法：手术、放疗和化疗，并增加了癌症患者的治疗选择。尽管取得了这些进展，但与这些疗法相关的问题包括，并不是所有的患者都对这些疗法有反应，一些有反应的患者会经历不同程度的毒性。影响免疫治疗的主要问题之一是无法评估活化的T细胞进入肿瘤部位的情况。目前基于常规解剖成像的诊断成像是监测细胞毒性化疗或放射治疗反应的主要手段，不足以评估对免疫治疗或疾病进展的初步反应。通过组织学分析患者的预后在免疫治疗方面的应用有限。因此，迫切需要非侵入性生物标志物来筛选对治疗有长期反应的患者。在这里，我们简要介绍了新出现的分子磁共振成像生物标记物，这些标记物具有开发激活的T细胞的代谢和代谢产物的潜力。
While many decades of scientific research studies have gone into harnessing the power of the immune system to fight cancer, only recently have cancer immunotherapeutic approaches begun to show robust clinical responses in patients with a variety of cancers. These treatments are adding to the current arsenal of cancer treatments; surgery, radiation and chemotherapy, and increasing the therapeutic options for cancer patients. Despite these advances, issues associated with these therapies include that not all patients respond to these therapies, and some patients who respond experience varying degrees of toxicities. One of the major issues affecting immunotherapy is the inability to evaluate trafficking of activated T-cells into sites of tumor. The current diagnostic imaging based on conventional anatomic imaging, which is the mainstay to monitor response to cytotoxic chemotherapy or radiation, is not adequate to assess initial response to immunotherapy or disease evolution. Patients’ prognosis by histological analysis has limited use in regards to immunotherapy. Thus, there is a crucial need for noninvasive biomarkers for screening patients that show long term response to therapy. Here, we provide a brief account of emerging molecular magnetic resonance imaging biomarkers that have potential to exploit the metabolism and metabolic products of activated T cells.