The role of autophagy in microbial infection and immunity.
The role of autophagy in microbial infection and immunity.
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DOI：
10.2147/itt.s76720
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
7.2
通讯作者：
Sun J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Desai M;Fang R;Sun J
自噬途径代表了一种进化上保守的细胞循环过程，该过程在营养剥夺和其他应激信号的响应下被激活。多年来，它一直与一系列细胞功能有关。同样，许多细胞内和细胞外的因素也参与了自噬途径的诱导。微生物感染代表了这样一个因素，它不仅可以通过特定的机制激活自噬，而且还可以操纵对入侵微生物优势的反应。此外，在许多情况下，特别是在病毒中，该途径已被证明错综复杂地参与了病原体的复制周期。相反，自噬还通过直接破坏病原体和作为先天免疫和获得性免疫宿主防御机制中的关键中介因素，在对抗感染过程中发挥作用。此外，该途径还通过调节炎症在控制传染病的发病机制中发挥作用。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了病原体和细胞自噬反应之间的各种相互作用，并总结了自噬途径的免疫学功能。
The autophagy pathway represents an evolutionarily conserved cell recycling process that is activated in response to nutrient deprivation and other stress signals. Over the years, it has been linked to an array of cellular functions. Equally, a wide range of cell-intrinsic, as well as extracellular, factors have been implicated in the induction of the autophagy pathway. Microbial infections represent one such factor that can not only activate autophagy through specific mechanisms but also manipulate the response to the invading microbe’s advantage. Moreover, in many cases, particularly among viruses, the pathway has been shown to be intricately involved in the replication cycle of the pathogen. Conversely, autophagy also plays a role in combating the infection process, both through direct destruction of the pathogen and as one of the key mediating factors in the host defense mechanisms of innate and adaptive immunity. Further, the pathway also plays a role in controlling the pathogenesis of infectious diseases by regulating inflammation. In this review, we discuss various interactions between pathogens and the cellular autophagic response and summarize the immunological functions of the autophagy pathway.