The molecular principles of gene regulation by Polycomb repressive complexes.
The molecular principles of gene regulation by Polycomb repressive complexes.
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DOI：
10.1038/s41580-021-00398-y
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发表时间：
2021-12
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Klose RJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Blackledge NP;Klose RJ
基因表达的精确控制是细胞功能和发育的基础。虽然基因表达最终依赖于DNA结合转录因子来引导转录机制对基因的活性，但染色质和组蛋白翻译后修饰在基因调控中也具有重要作用。多梳抑制复合物代表了动物中基于染色质的基因调控的范例。Polycomb抑制系统包括两个中心蛋白复合物，Polycomb抑制复合物1（PRC1）和PRC2，它们对正常基因调控和发育至关重要。我们对Polycomb功能的早期理解依赖于简单模式生物的研究，但最近很明显，这个系统在哺乳动物中已经扩展和分化。详细的研究现在正在揭示使哺乳动物PRC1和PRC2能够识别其基因组中的靶位点的分子机制，通过反馈机制进行通信以创建Polycomb染色质结构域，并控制转录以调节基因表达。在这篇评论中，我们讨论和上下文的新兴原则，定义这个迷人的染色质为基础的系统如何调节哺乳动物的基因表达。
Precise control of gene expression is fundamental to cell function and development. Although ultimately gene expression relies on DNA-binding transcription factors to guide the activity of the transcription machinery to genes, it has also become clear that chromatin and histone post-translational modification have fundamental roles in gene regulation. Polycomb repressive complexes represent a paradigm of chromatin-based gene regulation in animals. The Polycomb repressive system comprises two central protein complexes, Polycomb repressive complex 1 (PRC1) and PRC2, which are essential for normal gene regulation and development. Our early understanding of Polycomb function relied on studies in simple model organisms, but more recently it has become apparent that this system has expanded and diverged in mammals. Detailed studies are now uncovering the molecular mechanisms that enable mammalian PRC1 and PRC2 to identify their target sites in the genome, communicate through feedback mechanisms to create Polycomb chromatin domains, and control transcription to regulate gene expression. In this Review, we discuss and contextualise the emerging principles that define how this fascinating chromatin-based system regulates gene expression in mammals.
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DOI：
10.1126/science.aal2512
发表时间：
2017-06-09
期刊：
Science (New York, N.Y.)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Almeida M;Pintacuda G;Masui O;Koseki Y;Gdula M;Cerase A;Brown D;Mould A;Innocent C;Nakayama M;Schermelleh L;Nesterova TB;Koseki H;Brockdorff N
通讯作者：
Brockdorff N
影响因子：
10.5
作者：
Alabert C;Barth TK;Reverón-Gómez N;Sidoli S;Schmidt A;Jensen ON;Imhof A;Groth A
通讯作者：
Groth A
影响因子：
9.3
作者：
Berry S;Dean C;Howard M
通讯作者：
Howard M
影响因子：
8.8
作者：
Alabert, Constance;Loos, Carolin;Groth, Anja
通讯作者：
Groth, Anja
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Agger, Karl;Cloos, Paul A. C.;Helin, Kristian
通讯作者：
Helin, Kristian