Environmental predictability influences the relationship between virtues and antisocial/delinquent behavior
Environmental predictability influences the relationship between virtues and antisocial/delinquent behavior
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DOI：
10.1080/1068316x.2019.1652743
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发表时间：
2019-08-09
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
Fraijo-Sing, Blanca
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Corral-Verdugo, Victor;Ortiz-Valdez, Anais;Fraijo-Sing, Blanca
尽管人们认为罪犯缺乏美德或性格优势，但证据表明，与普通人群相比，从事反社会和犯罪行为的人在拥有性格优势方面并没有什么不同。性格优势既可以用来做“好”的事，也可以用来做“错”的事;所以问题是，什么样的情况下会直接使用这两种选择？这项研究假设环境的可预测性可能会影响一个人使用他们的性格优势，以抑制反社会或犯罪行为。两个样本进行了检查，一个由被判刑事犯罪的个人组成，另一个由未被定罪的参与者组成。个体对一系列针对美德和性格优势、反社会和犯罪行为以及环境可预测性的工具做出反应--这些工具是从生活史策略中推断出来的。在这两个群体中，美德与反社会/犯罪行为呈负相关。对环境可预测性的调节和中介影响的进一步测试表明，这种环境维度改变了上述关系，降低了美德对反社会性的抑制影响。这意味着，在可预测的环境中，拥有（或缺乏）性格优势对抑制反社会行为并不重要;然而，在不可预测的环境中，美德对防止反社会和犯罪行为是有用的。
Despite the notion that characterizes criminals as lacking virtues or character strengths, evidence shows that people who engage in antisocial and delinquent behavior are not dissimilar in possessing character strengths as compared to the general population. Character strengths may be used to either do 'good' or 'wrong'; so that the question is, what situation does direct this use to either choice? This study hypothesized environmental predictability may influence a person using their character strengths to inhibit antisocial or delinquent behavior. Two samples were examined, one consisting of individuals convicted of a criminal offense, and the other composed of non-convicted participants. Individuals responded to a series of instruments targeting virtues and character strengths, antisocial and delinquent behaviors, and environmental predictability in their environment -inferred from life-history strategy. In both groups, virtues were negatively and significantly associated with antisocial/delinquent behavior. A further test of the moderating and mediating influence of environmental predictability showed that this environmental dimension modified the aforementioned relationship, decreasing the inhibitory influence of virtues on antisociality. This means that, in predictable contexts, possessing (or lacking) character strengths is not important to inhibiting antisocial behaviors; however, in unpredictable environments virtues are useful to prevent antisociality and delinquent behavior.