ASSESSING THE QUALITY OF ELECTIONS
ASSESSING THE QUALITY OF ELECTIONS
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DOI：
10.1353/jod.2013.0063
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发表时间：
2013-10-01
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Coma, Ferran Martinez i
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Norris, Pippa;Frank, Richard W.;Coma, Ferran Martinez i
许多舞弊行为导致选举存在缺陷，无法达到选举诚信的国际标准，包括舞弊、舞弊、操纵选票、填充选票和压制选民等问题。确定选举何时、何地以及为何成功或失败是国际社会日益关切的问题--然而，迄今为止，由于缺乏可靠、可信和一致的证据可以用来比较世界各地选举的质量，学者和实践者一直受到阻碍。本文介绍了一项新的先导性研究的初步结果，该研究基于对20个国家的选举诚信认知的专家调查。这一数据有助于比较每次竞选的总体标准化100分PEI指数，或者可以更详细地检查选举诚信的11个维度或49个单独项目中的每个项目的结果。PEI指数具有较高的外部效度、内部效度和合法性。这篇论文的结论是，当与其他证据进行三角比较时，PEI可以解决许多研究问题，例如如何最好地对选举独裁进行分类，并证明对关注于评估“什么有效”以加强选举诚信的政策制定者有用。
Many malpractices generate flawed elections which fail to meet international standards of electoral integrity, including issues such as fraud, malpractice, vote-rigging, ballot-stuffing, and voter suppression. Determining when, where and why elections succeed or fail is a matter of growing concern for the international community-yet to date scholars and practitioners have been hindered by lack of reliable, credible and consistent evidence which could be used to compare the quality of elections around the world. This paper presents the first results of a new pilot study, based on an expert survey of Perceptions of Electoral Integrity applied to 20 countries. This data facilitates comparison of an overall standardized 100-point PEI index for each contest, or the results can be examined in more fine-grained detail for eleven dimensions of electoral integrity, or for each of the separate 49 items. The PEI index demonstrates high levels of external validity, internal validity, and legitimacy. The paper concludes that, when triangulated with other evidence, PEI can address many research issues, such as how best to classify electoral autocracies, as well as proving useful for policymakers concerned with evaluating "what works" to strengthen electoral integrity.