Diversity and influencing factors on spontaneous plant distribution in Beijing Olympic Forest Park
Diversity and influencing factors on spontaneous plant distribution in Beijing Olympic Forest Park
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DOI：
10.1016/j.landurbplan.2018.09.018
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发表时间：
2019-01-01
影响因子：
9.1
通讯作者：
Dong, Li
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Li, Xiao-Peng;Fan, Shu-Xin;Dong, Li
随着对高度种植的城市植被的集约化管理导致自然资源的过度消耗和城市绿地失去生态功能，人们对自发植物的兴趣与日俱增。我们的目标是提高对城市公园自然植被的生物多样性和分布格局的认识，这可能有助于未来绿地的可持续和低维护的植物设计。为了理清这些格局，在栖息地(由公园中的位置决定)和小生境(由种植的植物决定)两个尺度上进行了实地调查。共记录自然植物102种，以草本植物为主。位于道路和建筑物(R-B)和水边(WS)之间的生境显示出最大程度的多样性和均匀度；表现出最大程度多样性和均匀度的两个微生境是水边未种植地(WUP)和花坛(FB)。微生境对自生植物的影响比生境更显著。此外，郁闭度(Cd)和干扰强度(ID)是两个尺度上的影响因子，种植植物群落结构(P-CS)仅在生境尺度上受影响，坡度(SG)在小生境尺度上受影响。此外，特定植树的影响不显著，但一些伴生树种的影响显著。不同生境和微生境的物种组成呈现出明显不同的特征。了解这些格局及其影响因素，可以为今后建设低维护、高生物多样性、具有地方特色的可持续城市植被提供有益的参考。
With intensive management practices on highly cultivated urban vegetation resulting in the over-consumption of natural resources and urban green spaces losing ecological function, interest is growing in spontaneous plants. Our goal was to improve knowledge of the biodiversity and distribution patterns of spontaneous vegetation in urban parks, which may benefit sustainable and low-maintenance planting design in future green spaces. To disentangle these patterns, a field survey was carried out at both habitat (determined by position in the park) and microhabitat (determined by the planted plants) scales. A total of 102 spontaneous plant species were recorded, and most of them were herbaceous plants. The habitats located between road and building (R-B) and waterside (WS) showed maximum levels of diversity and evenness; the two microhabitats showing maximum levels of diversity and evenness were the waterside unplanted plot (WUP) and the flower bed (FB). Microhabitat affected spontaneous plants more significantly than did habitat. Furthermore, canopy density (CD) and intensity of disturbance (ID) were influencing factors at both scales, while community structure of planted plants (P-CS) was only influential at the habitat scale and slope gradient (SG) was influential at the microhabitat scale. Additionally, the impact of specific planted trees was not significant, but some associated species were notable. Species composition showed markedly different characteristics in different habitats and microhabitats. Understanding these patterns and influencing factors could provide helpful references for any future construction of sustainable urban vegetation with low-maintenance, high-biodiversity and local character.