Long‐term seismicity and ground deformation at Axial Volcano, Juan de Fuca Ridge

Long‐term seismicity and ground deformation at Axial Volcano, Juan de Fuca Ridge
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胡安德富卡山脊轴火山的长期地震活动和地面变形

DOI:
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发表时间:
1999
期刊:
影响因子:
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通讯作者:
C. Fox
C. Fox
中科院分区:
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文献类型:
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作者:
R. Dziak;C. Fox

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自 1991 年 8 月以来,美国海军水听器一直在东北太平洋监测胡安德富卡海岭 (JdFR) 沿线的地​​震活动。在此期间,JdFR 地震活动的重点是轴流火山,共检测到 9055 次地震(已定位 1669 次)。这一活动发生在沿山顶破火山口和侧翼裂谷带的 48 个离散群内。 1991年8月至1996年5月期间,轴状火山只出现过一次≥50次地震的群震。 1996年5月至1997年11月期间群活动显着增加,发生5次≥50级地震群。 1998 年 1 月,火山活动达到顶峰,由于沿峰顶和南侧发生了一次大规模喷发,导致了为期 11 天、发生了 8247 起事件的火山群。海底变形传感器表明,1995 年 10 月、1996 年 5 月和 1996 年 6 月的喷发前群与火山口底部沉降同时发生。 1996-1997年群体活动的增加也与北部裂谷带的水平延伸同时发生,这与火山喷发前的变形一致。 1998年喷发后,群活动急剧减少,自1998年4月以来没有检测到地震。这是自声学监测开始以来在火山观察到的最长的无震期(~1年),表明1998年1月的群标志着轴火山喷发周期的结束。
Seismicity along the Juan de Fuca Ridge (JdFR) has been monitored since August 1991 using U.S. Navy hydrophones in the northeast Pacific Ocean. During this time, the focus of JdFR seismicity has been Axial Volcano, where a total of 9055 earthquakes have been detected (1669 located). This activity occurred within 48 discrete swarms along the summit caldera and flank rift zones. From August 1991 to May 1996, Axial Volcano exhibited only one swarm with ≥50 earthquakes. From May 1996 to November 1997 swarm activity increased significantly with five swarms of ≥50 earthquakes. Activity culminated at the volcano in January 1998 with an 11‐day, 8247‐event swarm that was the result of a major eruption along the summit and southern flank. Seafloor deformation sensors indicated pre‐eruption swarms in October 1995, May 1996, and June 1996 coincided with subsidence of the caldera floor. The 1996–1997 swarm activity increase also coincided with horizontal extension of the north rift zone, consistent with pre‐eruption deformation of the volcano. Following the 1998 eruption, swarm activity dramatically decreased and no earthquakes have been detected since April 1998. This is the longest aseismic period (∼1 yr) observed at the volcano since acoustic monitoring began, suggesting the January 1998 swarm marked the end of an eruptive cycle at Axial Volcano.