Temporal Compensation and Universal Phonetics
Temporal Compensation and Universal Phonetics
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时间补偿和通用语音
DOI：
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发表时间：
1980
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Shosaku Maeda
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Port;S. Al;Shosaku Maeda
摘要本研究以日语和阿拉伯语为实验对象，探讨了长、短舌尖辅音相邻元音对辅音持续时间的补偿程度。在阿拉伯语的实验中，几乎没有证据的时间补偿被发现，而日本元音的辅音两侧的变化与辅音成反比，辅音收缩持续时间与固有的元音持续时间成反比。结果是，双音节测试词的时长几乎没有变化。这些结果支持的概念，即日本morae有恒定的持续时间，虽然他们破坏了定义的莫拉作为一个简单的CV单位。这些发现表明，语音中的节奏结构不需要被认为是由感知者构建的;它们也可能存在于声学信号本身中。更一般地说，我们的研究结果意味着存在的语言特定的时间规则，不能被捕获的音段坚持目前的语言语音理论。
Abstract Two experiments were conducted, on Japanese and on Arabic, to explore the extent to which vowels adjacent to longer and shorter apical consonants would compensate for the consonant durations. In the Arabic experiment, little evidence of timing compensation was found, whereas Japanese vowels on both sides of a consonant varied inversely with the consonant, and the consonant constriction duration varied inversely with the inherent vowel durations. The result is that the duration of the two-syllable test words scarcely changed at all. These results support the notion that Japanese morae have constant durations although they undermine the definition of the mora as a simple CV unit. These findings suggest that rhythmic structures in speech need not be thought of as constructed by the perceiver; they may also be present in the acoustic signal itself. More generally, our results imply the existence of language-specific timing rules that cannot be captured in the segmental terms insisted upon by current linguistic phonetic theory.